Country Stats / Checklists

					Species Count in WorldPlants (might be incomplete)
Country or Region		Code	Surface Area (km²)	Status Checklist	All Species	Indigenous Species	Endemics
EUROPE (1)
NORTHERN EUROPE (10)
more species list checklist	Iceland	ICE	103.000	++	807	741	259
807 All Species 741 Indigenous Species 438 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 259 Endemic Species 9 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 134 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 561 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 256 endemic) 303 Microspecies (of them 250 endemic) 66 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Wasowicz, P. (2020): Annotated Checklist of Vascular Plants of Iceland Most recent flora A guide to the flowering plants and ferns of Iceland (Kristinsson 1998); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Jan Mayen Isl.	JMY	380	++	59	58	3
59 All Species 58 Indigenous Species 53 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 42 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 5 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic) 1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The flora of Jan Mayen (Lid 1964)
more species list checklist	Svalbard (incl. Bjornoya)	SVA	62.160	++	210	199	1
210 All Species 199 Indigenous Species 195 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 135 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 11 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The Flora of Svalbard (Roenning 1964); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.)
more species list checklist	Faeroe Isl.	FOR	1.399	++	396	374	10
396 All Species 374 Indigenous Species 339 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 101 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 243 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic) 35 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic) 22 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Jóhanson, J. (2010): Føroysk flora
more species list checklist	Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., but excl. Channel Isl. and Northern Ireland)	GRB	244.110	++	3430	2483	651
3430 All Species 2483 Indigenous Species 1426 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 651 Endemic Species 49 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 79 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 348 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 2000 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 639 endemic) 1057 Microspecies (of them 602 endemic) 947 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Stroh, P. A. et al. (2023): Plant Atlas 2020 Most recent flora Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); Concise Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2022, 5th ed.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Wild Orchids of Scotland (Allan, Woods & Clarks 1993); Orchidaceae. In: Flora of Great Britain, Ireland, Isle of Man and the Channel Islands, Vol. 5 (Sell & Murrell 1997); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Ireland (incl. Northern Ireland)	IRE	70.000	++	2108	1274	34
2108 All Species 1274 Indigenous Species 939 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 34 Endemic Species 9 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 63 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 230 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 945 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 30 endemic) 335 Microspecies (of them 25 endemic) 834 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Stroh, P. A. et al. (2023): Plant Atlas 2020 Most recent flora Webb's An Irish Flora, 8th ed. (Parnell & Curtis, ed., 2012); Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (5 vols., complete, Sell & Murrell 1997-2018); Concise Flora of the British Isles (Stace 2022) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Great Britain and Ireland (vol. 1, Sell & Murrell 2018); The illustrated field guide to ferns and allied plants of the British Iles (Jermy 1991) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids British & Irish Orchids: a field guide (Ettlinger 1976); A Guide to the Wild Orchids of Great Britain and Ireland (Lang 1989); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Denmark	DEN	43.094	+	1960	1660	69
1960 All Species 1660 Indigenous Species 1190 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 69 Endemic Species 10 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 288 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1278 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 65 endemic) 470 Microspecies (of them 59 endemic) 300 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Atlas Flora Danica (3 vols., Hartvig et al., ed., 2015) Most recent flora Dansk Flora (2nd udgave, Frederiksen et al. 2012); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Dansk feltflora (Hansen 1981); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Norway	NOR	385.639	++	4136	3796	1937
4136 All Species 3796 Indigenous Species 1333 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1937 Endemic Species 16 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 77 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 335 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 3336 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1935 endemic) 2463 Microspecies (of them 1921 endemic) 340 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Den Nya Nordiska Floran (Mossberg & Stenberg 2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, Vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010); Nordisk fjaellflora (Nilsson 1991); Flora över Dal (Andersson 1981); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Sweden	SWE	449.964	++	3895	3527	1270
3895 All Species 3527 Indigenous Species 1504 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1270 Endemic Species 26 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 65 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 380 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 44 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 3027 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1268 endemic) 2023 Microspecies (of them 1244 endemic) 368 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Mossberg & Stenberg (2003); Norsk Flora (Lid et al. 2005); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed. von Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Orkideer i Norden (Nylen 1984); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Finland	FIN	338.144	++	2569	2296	526
2569 All Species 2296 Indigenous Species 1111 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 526 Endemic Species 9 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 310 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1887 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 525 endemic) 1185 Microspecies (of them 517 endemic) 273 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland (Kurtto et al. 2020) Most recent flora Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finnland) (Hämet-Ahti et al. 1998), Flora Fennica, vol. 1-3 (Lönnrotin 2002); Flora Nordica, vol. 1/2/6 (Jonsell, ed., 2000, 2001, 2010, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Norsk, svensk, finsk flora (Lid, 5. ed., Gjaerevoll 1985); Orchids of Scandinavia (2. ed., Johnson 1997); Kaemmekaet - Suomen orkideat (Korhonen & Vuokko 1987); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
MIDDLE EUROPE (11)
more species list checklist	Netherlands	NET	33.920	++	2039	1679	44
2039 All Species 1679 Indigenous Species 1270 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 44 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 308 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 45 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1273 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 42 endemic) 409 Microspecies (of them 40 endemic) 360 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Neerlandica (Koniklijke Nederlandsche Botanische Vereeniging, 14 vols. published, incomplete); Heukels Flora van Nederland (23. Aufl., Mejden et al. 2005); De Nederlandse Oecologische Flora (5 vols., Weeda 2003); Nova Flora Neerlandica (Haveman et al., eds., 2022-, 1 vol. published) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora van Nederland (21. ed.) (Heuckels & van der Meijden 1990); De orchideen van Nederland - ecologie - verspreiding - bedreiging - beheer (Kreutz & Dekker 2000); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Belgium	BGM	30.688	++	2136	1724	22
2136 All Species 1724 Indigenous Species 1403 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 22 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 325 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 52 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1282 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic) 321 Microspecies (of them 20 endemic) 412 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972) Most recent flora Flore de Belgique (Verloove et al. 2023); Flore generale de Belgique (Lawalrée et al., 1952-1993); Verloove F. & Van Rossum F. (2023) – Flora van België, het Groothertogdom Luxemburg, Noord-Frankrijk en de aangrenzende gebieden ( Pteridofyten en Spermatofyten).. - 7th ed., 988 p. Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Orchidaceae Belgicae (Klopfenstein & Toussaint 1983-87); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Luxembourg	LUX	2.586	+	1359	1215	3
1359 All Species 1215 Indigenous Species 1103 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 233 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 41 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 887 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 112 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 144 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Atlas van de Belgische en Luxemburgse flora (van Rompaey & Delvosalle 1972) Most recent flora Verloove F. & Van Rossum F. (2023) – Flora van België, het Groothertogdom Luxemburg, Noord-Frankrijk en de aangrenzende gebieden ( Pteridofyten en Spermatofyten).. - 7th ed., 988 p. Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Online Atlas of the Pteridophytes of Luxembourg (www.pteridophytes.lu) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Die Orchideen Luxemburgs (Mangen et al. 1993); Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998)
more species list checklist	Germany	GER	356.970	++	6786	3775	501
6786 All Species 3775 Indigenous Species 2474 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 501 Endemic Species 80 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 88 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 539 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic) 66 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 3064 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 474 endemic) 1301 Microspecies (of them 421 endemic) 3011 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Florenliste von Deutschland - Gefäßpflanzen. Version 14 (Hand et al. 2024, www.florenliste-deutschland.de) Most recent flora Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd ed., incomplete); Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen) (92. Auflage 2003, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora, ed. 8 (Oberdorfer, Begr., 2001); Exkursionsflora von Deutschland (Rothmaler, Begr., 22. Aufl. 2021, ed. Jäger); Flora Germanica (Hassler & Muer, 2022, 2 vols.); Die Blütenpflanzen Mitteleuropas (Aichele & Schwegler 1994, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder (Schmeil/Fitschen), (89. Auflage 1993, ed. Senghas & Seybold); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Switzerland	SWI	41.285	++	3444	3043	184
3444 All Species 3043 Indigenous Species 2515 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 184 Endemic Species 64 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 90 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 492 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2378 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 178 endemic) 528 Microspecies (of them 120 endemic) 401 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Juillerat, P. et auct. mult. (2017): Flora Helvetica. Checklist der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz. - 380 p. Most recent flora Lauber, K., Wagner, G. & Gygax, A. (2024): Flora Helvetica. Illustrierte Flora der Schweiz. - 7. Aufl., Haupt-Verlag, 1696 p.; Flora der Schweiz (3 vols., Hess et al. 1976-1980); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., multiple volumes, 3rd ed. incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Liechtenstein	LIE	161	++	1422	1305	2
1422 All Species 1305 Indigenous Species 1274 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 242 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 40 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 967 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 31 Microspecies (of them endemic) 117 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora von Liechtenstein (Waldburger et al. 2003); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1994); Die Orchideen der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Reinhard et al. 1991); Die Orchideen der Schweiz (Danesch 1984); Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete (Hess, Landolt & Hirzel 1967-1970); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Austria	AUT	83.858	++	3635	3230	168
3635 All Species 3230 Indigenous Species 2758 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 168 Endemic Species 85 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 80 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 536 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 70 Indigenous Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 2525 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 151 endemic) 472 Microspecies (of them 83 endemic) 405 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa (Hegi, ed., many volumes, 3rd 3d. incomplete); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Exkursionsflora von Österreich (Fischer, ed., 1994); Die Orchideen Mitteleuropas und der Alpen (Presser 1995); Wildwachsende Orchideen in Österreich (Redl 1996); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Poland	POL	312.684	++	2987	2677	63
2987 All Species 2677 Indigenous Species 2071 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 63 Endemic Species 20 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 435 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2107 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic) 606 Microspecies (of them 43 endemic) 310 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flowering Plants and Pteridophytes of Poland. A Checklist (Mirez et al. 2002) Most recent flora Flora polska (Szafera, ed., 1919 - 1980, 14 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Poland (Szlachetko & Skakuj 1996); Storczyki Zachodniej Czesci Polskich Beskidow (Bernacki 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Atlas Flory Polskiej i Ziem Osciennych, Vol. 5, pt. 1 (Madalski 1971); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Czech Republic	CZE	78.866	++	2703	2414	56
2703 All Species 2414 Indigenous Species 1976 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 56 Endemic Species 18 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 73 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 423 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 52 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1850 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 53 endemic) 438 Microspecies (of them 38 endemic) 289 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (Danihelka et al. 2012) Most recent flora Klič ke Květeně České republiky (Kubát, ed., 2002); Květena České (Socialistické) republiky (Slavík & Hejný, ed., 1988-2011, 8 vols., vol. 9 planned)) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Slovakia	SLO	49.034	++	3298	2773	122
3298 All Species 2773 Indigenous Species 2448 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 122 Endemic Species 23 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 476 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2156 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 118 endemic) 325 Microspecies (of them 99 endemic) 525 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist http://ibot.sav.sk/checklist/index.php (Marhold & Hindak) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideje nasi prirody (Prochazka & Velisek 1983); Orchid distribution and protection in Moravia and Silesia (Husak 1996); Verbreitung und Schutz der Orchideen in Mähren und Schlesien (Jatiova & Smitak 1997); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Hungary	HUN	93.030	++	2851	2351	81
2851 All Species 2351 Indigenous Species 2177 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 81 Endemic Species 22 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 457 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 52 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1772 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 76 endemic) 174 Microspecies (of them 59 endemic) 500 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants of Hungary (Bartha et al. 2015) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Vadon elo orchideak (Molnar, Sulyok & Videki 1995); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH WESTERN EUROPE (12)
more species list checklist	Portugal (excl. Azores, Madeira)	POR	89.357	++	3018	2577	118
3018 All Species 2577 Indigenous Species 2518 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 118 Endemic Species 110 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 521 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic) 52 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1926 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 98 endemic) 59 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic) 441 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011) Most recent flora Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); The Orchid Flora of Portugal (Tyteca 1997); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Spain (mainland, excl. Baleares, Canary Isl. and African exclaves)	SPA	501.453	++	6585	5942	1589
6585 All Species 5942 Indigenous Species 5250 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1589 Endemic Species 1137 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 17.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 112 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic) 21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 909 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 112 endemic) 87 Indigenous Orchids (of them 22 endemic) 4802 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1443 endemic) 692 Microspecies (of them 452 endemic) 643 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete); Flora ornamental Espanola (Vol. 1-6, incomplete); Flora Valentina (G. M. Sanz et al., 2011-, 4 vols. published); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Occidental (Valdes et al., 3 vols., 1987); Flora Vascular de Andalucia Oriental (2nd ed., Blanca et al. 2011); Flora dels Paisons Catalans (Bolòs & Vigo, 1988-2001, 4 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Andorra	ADO	468	+	1464	1399	3
1464 All Species 1399 Indigenous Species 1329 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 225 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1098 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 70 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Check-list i Llista vermella de la flora d'Andorra (Carrillo et al. 2008) Most recent flora Flowers of Andorra (Crozier & Matschke 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Gibraltar	GIB	7	++	667	568	1
667 All Species 568 Indigenous Species 567 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 101 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 443 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The flowers of Gibraltar (Leslie et al. 1996) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Baleares	BAL	4.992	++	1654	1472	160
1654 All Species 1472 Indigenous Species 1405 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 160 Endemic Species 115 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 272 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic) 39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1116 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 142 endemic) 67 Microspecies (of them 45 endemic) 182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora de Mallorca (Vols. 1-4, Bonafe 1977-1980); Illustrated Flora of Mallorca (Beckett 1993); Flora Iberica (Castroviejo et al., eds., 1985-2021, 21 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Guia de helechos de la Peninsula Iberica y Baleares (Tierra 1990) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iberica, vol. 21 (2005); Orquidacies. - In: Flora de Mallorca, Vol. 2 (Barcelo 1978); Petita guia de las Orquidies de les Balears (Alomar 1994); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	France (mainland, excl. Corsica)	FRA	535.285	++	8185	7363	2474
8185 All Species 7363 Indigenous Species 4443 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2474 Endemic Species 286 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 123 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 857 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 43 endemic) 104 Indigenous Orchids (of them 19 endemic) 6246 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2409 endemic) 2920 Microspecies (of them 2188 endemic) 822 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Index synonymique de la flore de France (Kerguélen 1993) Most recent flora Flora Gallica (Tison & de Foucault 2014, 2nd ed planned for 2025); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977); Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines (6. ed.) (Lambinon & Verloove 2012); Flora alpina (Vol. 1-3, Aeschimann et al. 2004) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Les Orchidees de France, Belgique et Luxembourg (Bournerias et al. 1998); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Monaco	MCO	2	-	242	163	0
242 All Species 163 Indigenous Species 162 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 17 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 138 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist	British Channel Isl.	CIS	198	+	1506	931	6
1506 All Species 931 Indigenous Species 830 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 33 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 182 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 17 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 696 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic) 101 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 575 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vice-County Census Catalogue (Botanicalkeys.co.uk) Most recent flora Wildflowers of Alderney (Bonnard 2008); A flora of the Island of Jersey (Lester-Garland 1903); The Wild Flowers of Jersey (Shirreffs 2015)
more species list checklist	Corsica	COR	8.680	++	2269	2104	117
2269 All Species 2104 Indigenous Species 2043 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 117 Endemic Species 90 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 71 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 428 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1532 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 101 endemic) 61 Microspecies (of them 27 endemic) 165 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Corsica, 2ème ed. (Jeanmonod & Gamisans 2013); Les quatres flores de France (4. ed., Fournier 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Sardinia	SAR	23.318	++	2152	2008	166
2152 All Species 2008 Indigenous Species 1951 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 166 Endemic Species 126 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 389 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 1497 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 154 endemic) 57 Microspecies (of them 40 endemic) 144 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora dell' Isola di Sardegna, Vol. 1-6 (Arrigoni 2006-2015); Flora Sarda / Piante Endemiche (Marras 2000); Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Giotta & Picitto 1990); Orchidee spontanee della Sardegna (Scrugli 1991); Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982) Orchidee. Specie spontanee (Liverani 1991); Orchidacee d’Italia (Grünanger 2001); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE (13)
more species list checklist	Italy (mainland) (incl. Elba Isl., Capri Isl.)	ITA	203.856	++	6133	5524	816
6133 All Species 5524 Indigenous Species 5027 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 816 Endemic Species 621 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 124 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 922 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 54 endemic) 122 Indigenous Orchids (of them 34 endemic) 4326 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 723 endemic) 497 Microspecies (of them 195 endemic) 609 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.); Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol (3. Aufl., Fischer & Adler 2008); Flora Analitica della Toscana (Arrigoni, 2016-2021, 8 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Le Pteridofite d'Italia (Marchetti 2004) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Sicily	SIC	25.426	++	2618	2386	243
2618 All Species 2386 Indigenous Species 2326 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 243 Endemic Species 205 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 466 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 26 endemic) 64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 1782 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 206 endemic) 60 Microspecies (of them 38 endemic) 232 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010); An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy (Bartolucci et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora d'Italia (2nd ed., Pignatti et al., 2017-2019, 4 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidee Spontanee d'Italia (Del Prete & Tosi 1988); Orchidaceae (Pignatti). In: Flora d'Italia (Rasetti 1982); Orchidee d’Italia (Sguazzini & Glerean 1981); A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (GIARDINA et al. 2007); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa, Linosa, Lampione)	PEL	25	+	519	499	10
519 All Species 499 Indigenous Species 495 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10 Endemic Species 8 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 107 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 384 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora e vegetazione dell'Isola di Lampedusa (Bartolo et al. 1988)
more species list checklist	Pantelleria Isl.	PTL	83	+	496	476	6
496 All Species 476 Indigenous Species 472 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 90 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 365 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 20 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A catalogue of plants growing in Sicily (Giardina et al. 2007); Checklist of the vascular flora of Sicily (Raimondo, Domina & Spadaro 2010) Most recent flora Flora dell' Isola Pantelleria (Sommier 1922)
more species list checklist	Malta	MLT	316	++	886	796	19
886 All Species 796 Indigenous Species 791 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 19 Endemic Species 15 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 116 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 617 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 5 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 90 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora A Flora of the Maltese Islands (Haslam, Sell & Wolseley 1977); Flora of the Maltese Islands (Casha 2018) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Le Orchidaceae dell'archipelago maltese (Bartolo et al. 2001); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	San Marino	SMA	61	+	1014	824	0
1014 All Species 824 Indigenous Species 822 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 150 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 27 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 629 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 2 Microspecies (of them endemic) 190 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora vascolare della Repubblica di San Marino (Alessandrini et al. 2022); Flora della repubblica di San Marino (Pampanini 1930) [outdated]
more species list checklist	Slovenia	SLV	20.273	+	2992	2734	38
2992 All Species 2734 Indigenous Species 2631 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 38 Endemic Species 20 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 523 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 60 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2060 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic) 103 Microspecies (of them 18 endemic) 258 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Register flore Slovenije (Trpin & Vres 1995) Most recent flora Flora of Slovenia (iFlora - Plant Guide Book 22) (Tackenberg); Mala flora Slovenije, kljuc za dolocanje praprotnic in semenk (Martinic et al. 1999) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Croatia	CRO	56.594	++	4334	3828	145
4334 All Species 3828 Indigenous Species 3688 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 145 Endemic Species 90 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 84 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 683 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 80 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 2952 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 128 endemic) 140 Microspecies (of them 55 endemic) 506 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Nikolić T. ed. (2015): Flora Croatica Database (http://hirc.botanic.hr/fcd) Most recent flora Nikolić, T. (2019-2020): Flora Croatica. Vaskularna flora Republike Hrvatske. 4 vols. (complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Bosnia & Hercegovina	BIH	51.209	-	2823	2645	69
2823 All Species 2645 Indigenous Species 2576 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 69 Endemic Species 60 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 472 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 72 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2023 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 65 endemic) 69 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic) 178 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Bosne i Hercegovine (Beck 1903-1921, 1927, Beck & Maly 1950, Bjelčić 1967-1983, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Bosnia & Hercegovina (Sabanovic et al. 2021)
more species list checklist	Montenegro	MNT	13.812	o	2589	2508	37
2589 All Species 2508 Indigenous Species 2447 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 37 Endemic Species 28 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 66 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 443 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 48 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1926 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 35 endemic) 61 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic) 81 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Katalog Vaskularne Flora Crne Gore, Tom. 1 (Stesevic & Cakovic 2013) [incomplete] Most recent flora Conspectus Florae Montenegrinae (Rohlena 1942) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Die Orchideenflora Montenegros (Parolly 1991, in Mitt. Bl. AHO Bad.-Württ., Vol. 24); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Serbia	SRB	77.474	o	3117	3105	20
3117 All Species 3105 Indigenous Species 3052 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 20 Endemic Species 19 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 54 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 543 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 56 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2380 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 18 endemic) 53 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Checklist of Vascular Flora of Serbia, Vol. 1 (Niketic & Tomovic 2018) [incomplete] Most recent flora Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Kosovo	KOS	10.877	-	3120	2987	6
3120 All Species 2987 Indigenous Species 2934 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 547 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 57 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2299 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic) 53 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 133 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora SR Srbije (Josifović 1970-1976, 1977; Sarić & Diklić 1986); Flora Srbije (Saric et al., eds., 1992; Stevanovic et al., eds., 2012); Flora Europaea (Tutin et al., 1964-1993, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	North Macedonia (Macedonia)	NMA	25.713	o	3034	2936	102
3034 All Species 2936 Indigenous Species 2861 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 102 Endemic Species 91 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 453 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2350 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 95 endemic) 75 Microspecies (of them 11 endemic) 98 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora na Republika Makedonija (Micevski et al. 1983-2006, Matevski 2010; 7 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen in Jugoslawien (Gölz & Reinhard 1986); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Albania	ALB	28.748	+	3378	3237	71
3378 All Species 3237 Indigenous Species 3178 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 71 Endemic Species 55 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 56 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 582 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 62 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2511 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 63 endemic) 59 Microspecies (of them 16 endemic) 141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants in Albania (Barina et al. 2017), Checklist of vascular plants of Albania (Barina et al. 2018); Atlas Florae Albanicae (Vangjeli 2017, 1 vol. published) Most recent flora Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Excursion Flora of Albania (Vangjeli 2015) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Illustrated Flora of Albania (Pils 2016); Die Orchideenflora Albaniens (Gölz & Reinhard 1984); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Romania	ROM	237.500	++	3475	3201	152
3475 All Species 3201 Indigenous Species 3035 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 152 Endemic Species 100 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 67 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 598 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 2464 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 143 endemic) 166 Microspecies (of them 52 endemic) 274 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Republicii Socialiste România (1952-1976, 13 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Romaniei, Vol. II (Beldie 1979); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Bulgaria	BUL	110.994	++	3856	3657	258
3856 All Species 3657 Indigenous Species 3495 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 258 Endemic Species 180 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 62 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 14 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 619 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic) 51 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2900 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 240 endemic) 162 Microspecies (of them 78 endemic) 199 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus of the Bulgarian vascular flora (Assyov et al., 4th ed. 2012) Most recent flora Flora Reipublicae Popularis Bulgaricae (Jordanov et al., 1963-2012, 11 vols.); Flora bulgarica (CD-ROM, 2003) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora von Bulgarien (Stojanow & Stafanov 1948); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	European Turkey	TUE	23.764	++	2046	1971	15
2046 All Species 1971 Indigenous Species 1957 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15 Endemic Species 15 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 435 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 32 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1468 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic) 14 Microspecies (of them endemic) 75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999)+J73; Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Greece (incl. Kikladhes, Sporades, Ionian Isl., Korfu, Kithira, Andikithira, Samothraki and Limnos, excl. Crete and East Aegaean Isl. [see there])	GRC	123.600	++	5152	4782	853
5152 All Species 4782 Indigenous Species 4597 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 853 Endemic Species 763 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 67 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 14 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 853 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 111 endemic) 96 Indigenous Orchids (of them 20 endemic) 3731 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 719 endemic) 185 Microspecies (of them 90 endemic) 370 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Atlas of the Hellenic Flora (Strid 2024) Most recent flora Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan (eds., 1997-2005, 3 vols. published, incomplete); Mountain Flora of Greece (Vol. 1/2, Strid, ed., 1989/1991, incomplete); Flowers of Greece (Lafranchis & Sfikas 2009, 2 vols., field guide) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Synopsis Flora Graecae: Orchidaceae (Diapulis 1995); The Orchids of Greece - Inventory and Review (Kalopissis 1988); Orchids of Greece (Lepper 1981); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Crete	KRI	8.336	++	1947	1777	194
1947 All Species 1777 Indigenous Species 1761 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 194 Endemic Species 189 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 356 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 30 endemic) 47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 1324 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 155 endemic) 16 Microspecies (of them 5 endemic) 170 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular Plants of Greece. An Annotated Checklist (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, with supplement 2016); Atlas of the Hellenic Flora (Strid 2024) Most recent flora Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997) (engl. ed. 1998); Orchidaceae (Scheurer & Jahn). In: Exkursionsflora für Kreta (Jahn & Schönfelder 1995); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
EASTERN EUROPE (14)
more species list checklist	Estonia	EST	45.339	++	1951	1426	39
1951 All Species 1426 Indigenous Species 1135 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 39 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 266 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1065 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 38 endemic) 291 Microspecies (of them 35 endemic) 525 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Atlas of the Estonian Flora 2020 (Kukk et al., 2021); Eesti Taimestik (Checklist of vascular plants) (Kukk 1999) Most recent flora Eesti NSV Floora (Flora of Estonian SSR, Vol. 1-11, 1953-1984); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Native orchids in Estonia (Kuusk 1996); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Latvia	LAT	64.589	++	1643	1323	4
1643 All Species 1323 Indigenous Species 1138 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 44 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 280 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 29 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 959 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic) 185 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 320 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Latvijas vaskularo augu flora. Taksonu Saraksts (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999, checklist) Most recent flora Latvias PSR Flora (Galenieka, P., ed., 1953-1959, in 4 vols., complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003); Flora of Latvian vascular taxa (Gavrilova & Sulcs 1999) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Lithuania	LIT	65.300	++	1537	1244	0
1537 All Species 1244 Indigenous Species 1151 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 280 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 32 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 883 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 93 Microspecies (of them endemic) 293 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Lietuvos Induociai augalai (Gudzinskas 1999, checklist) Most recent flora Lietuvos PSR Flora (Vols. 1-6, 1959-1980, complete); Flora baltijskich respublik (Laasimer et al. 1993, 1996, 2003) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Diversity, state and protection of Orchidaceae species in Lithuania (Gudzinskas 2001); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Belarus	BLR	207.595	+	1865	1509	4
1865 All Species 1509 Indigenous Species 1422 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 312 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1107 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 87 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic) 356 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Belarusi (Vol. 1-3, 2009-2017, incomplete, in total 6 vols. planned); Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	European Russia (excl. Caucasus, incl. Kaliningrad region, Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya)	RUS	4.300.000	++	4639	4170	379
4639 All Species 4170 Indigenous Species 3508 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 379 Endemic Species 157 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 74 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 736 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 33 endemic) 51 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3288 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 346 endemic) 662 Microspecies (of them 222 endemic) 469 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Russia. The European part and bordering regions (Fedorov, ed., 11 vols., 1988-2007); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff.); many more regional floras (in Russian) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist	Moldova (incl. Transnistria)	MLD	33.843	-	1006	910	3
1006 All Species 910 Indigenous Species 871 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 835 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 39 Microspecies (of them endemic) 96 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011), Vol. 2 (Magnoliophyta) (2016), Vol. 4 (2023, not yet seen) [incomplete, in total 6 volumes are planned] Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Basarabiei (Simonov et al., ed.), Vol. 1 (Ferns and Allies) (2011) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Ukraine (excl. Crimea)	UKR	577.720	++	3267	3002	113
3267 All Species 3002 Indigenous Species 2832 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 113 Endemic Species 95 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 570 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic) 41 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2317 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 96 endemic) 170 Microspecies (of them 18 endemic) 265 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999) Most recent flora Flora URSR [Flora of the Ukrainian SSSR], 1936 - 1965, 12 vols.; Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Ukrainae Carpaticae (Chopik 2015) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf. Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Ukraine (Sobko 1989, in russian); Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Crimea	KRY	26.080	++	2314	2137	106
2314 All Species 2137 Indigenous Species 2074 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 106 Endemic Species 82 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 363 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1683 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 94 endemic) 63 Microspecies (of them 24 endemic) 177 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular plants of the Ukraine: a nomenclatural checklist (Mosyakin & Fedoronchuk 1999) Most recent flora Flora Kryma (Wulf., ed., 1927-1969, 10 vols. plus additions) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Vasheka OV, Bezsmertna OO (2012). Ferns atlas of Ukrainian flora: monograf. Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Checklist of the Orchids of Crimea (Fateryga & Kreutz 2014); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
AFRICA (2)
NORTHERN AFRICA (20)
more species list checklist	Morocco	MOR	453.730	++	4371	3950	827
4371 All Species 3950 Indigenous Species 3919 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 827 Endemic Species 820 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 68 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 713 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 84 endemic) 39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 3108 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 737 endemic) 31 Microspecies (of them 7 endemic) 421 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Flore pratique du Maroc (Fennane et al. 1999-2015, 3 vols.); Flore vasculaire du Maroc, inventaire et chorologie (Fennane & Ibn Tattou, 2 vols., 2005-2007); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophyta, in: Flore pratique du Maroc, Vol. 1 (Salvo & Ouyahya 1999) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Les orchidées du Maroc (Raynaud 1985); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Western Sahara	WSA	267.769	+	242	240	2
242 All Species 240 Indigenous Species 240 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 41 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 195 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998) Most recent flora Flore de Mauritanie, Vol. 2 (Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Algeria	ALG	2.381.740	++	3770	3423	245
3770 All Species 3423 Indigenous Species 3392 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 245 Endemic Species 236 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 631 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic) 50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 2660 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 210 endemic) 31 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic) 347 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Nouvelle Flore de l'Algerie (Quezel & Santa 1962/63, 2 vols.); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
more species list checklist	Tunisia	TUN	164.418	++	2463	2259	75
2463 All Species 2259 Indigenous Species 2220 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 75 Endemic Species 49 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 443 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1728 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 68 endemic) 39 Microspecies (of them 26 endemic) 204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flore de Tunisie: Catalogue synonymique commente (Le Floc'h & Boulos 2008); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Flore de la Tunisie (Pottier-Alapetite, ed., 1979-1984, 3 vols. + Atlas, complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidées de Tunisie (Valles & Valles-Lombard 1988)
more species list checklist	Libya	LBY	1.757.000	++	1941	1752	110
1941 All Species 1752 Indigenous Species 1742 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 110 Endemic Species 106 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 362 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 9 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1352 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 93 endemic) 10 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 189 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Libya (Ali & Jafri, eds., 1976-1990, 150 vols., almost complete); Flore de l'Afrique du Nord (Maire et al., 1952-1987, 16 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Libya - Pteridophytes (1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae (Flora Libia, Fasc. 119) (Hossain & El-Gadi 1985); Zur Kenntnis der Orchideenflora der Cyrenaika (Libyen) (Baumann & Baumann 2001)
more species list checklist	Egypt (excl. Sinai peninsula)	EGY	878.000	++	1972	1823	36
1972 All Species 1823 Indigenous Species 1817 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 36 Endemic Species 36 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 12 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 394 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 1409 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 30 endemic) 6 Microspecies (of them endemic) 149 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005, 4 vols., complete); Flora of Egypt (Cairo University, 1981-1998, 9 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
MACARONESIA (21)
more species list checklist	Azores	AZO	2.247	++	953	590	71
953 All Species 590 Indigenous Species 586 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 71 Endemic Species 69 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 139 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 391 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 48 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 363 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Catalogo das plantas vasculares dos Acores (Palhina 1966) Most recent flora Flora of the Azores (3rd ed., Schaefer et al. 2022, field guide) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora Europaea, Vol. 5 (Soó 1980); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die Orchideen der Azoren (Frey 1977); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024)
more species list checklist	Madeira	MDR	741	++	1326	772	133
1326 All Species 772 Indigenous Species 764 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 133 Endemic Species 132 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 148 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 550 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 106 endemic) 8 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 554 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist da Flora de Portugal (Continental, Acores e Madeira) (Menezes de Sequeira et al. 2011); Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020); Flores Silvestres de las Islas Canarias (Bramwell & Bramwell 1974) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024)
more species list checklist	Islas Selvagens (Salvajes Isl.)	SEL	3	++	109	95	7
109 All Species 95 Indigenous Species 95 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7 Endemic Species 7 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 79 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic) 14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Madeira (Press et al. 1994); Die Farne und Blütenpflanzen Madeiras (Muer et al. 2020); Conspectus Floras Salvagicae (Monod 1990) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Flora of Madeira (Press 1994); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Beitrag zur Kenntnis und Verbreitung der Orchideen von Madeira (Rückbrodt & Rückbrodt 1990); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024)
more species list checklist	Canary Isl.	CNY	7.273	++	2126	1588	638
2126 All Species 1588 Indigenous Species 1584 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 638 Endemic Species 637 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 249 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 35 endemic) 6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 1269 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 590 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 538 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993); Index Synonimique Flore d'Afrique du Nord (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2010-2013, 5 vols.) Most recent flora Sauerbier, H., Calixto, F. & Muer, T. (2023): Flora Vascular de Canarias; Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005); Exkursionsflora für die Kanarischen Inseln (Hohenester & Weiss 1993); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Guide to the Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East (Kreutz 2024)
more species list checklist	Cape Verde Isl.	CVI	4.033	++	772	547	109
772 All Species 547 Indigenous Species 546 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 109 Endemic Species 108 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 36 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 139 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic) 3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 369 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 93 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 225 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, 4. rev. ed. (Hansen & Sunding 1993) Most recent flora Flora de Cabo Verde (Paiva et al., 1995-2002, 106 vols., ?complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The Ferns and Fern-Allies (Pteridophyta) of the Cape Verde Islands (Lobin et al. 1998) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide des Orchidées d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et du Proche-Orient (3rd ed., Delforge 2005)
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA (22)
more species list checklist	Mauritania	MTN	1.030.700	+	846	778	5
846 All Species 778 Indigenous Species 776 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5 Endemic Species 5 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 227 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 535 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic) 2 Microspecies (of them endemic) 68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la Mauritanie et du Sahara occidental (Lebrun 1998) Most recent flora Flore de Mauritanie (2 vols., Barry & Celles 1991); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Senegal	SEN	196.722	+	1897	1796	24
1897 All Species 1796 Indigenous Species 1796 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 24 Endemic Species 24 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 48 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 561 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1135 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic) 101 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Enumeration des plantes vasculaires du Senegal (Lebrun 1973) Most recent flora Flore illustrée du Sénégal (Berhaut, ed., 1971-1988, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchidaceae (van den Berghen). - In: Flore Illustree du Senegal, Vol. 9 (Berhault 1988)
more species list checklist	Gambia	GAM	11.295	o	1017	843	1
1017 All Species 843 Indigenous Species 843 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 14 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 245 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 558 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 174 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Gambian Biodiversity: A Provisional Checklist of all Species Recorded within the Gambia (Emms & Brummitt 2005) Most recent flora Flowering Plants of the Gambia (Jones 1994, only cursory overview) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Guinea-Bissau	GNB	36.125	++	1416	1334	4
1416 All Species 1334 Indigenous Species 1334 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 333 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 31 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 923 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 82 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) (Catarino et al. 2008) Most recent flora Flora da Guiné-Bissau / Jardim e museu agrícola do Ultramar .. (7 vol., 1971-1983, incomplete); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Guinea [Conakry]	GUI	245.857	++	3096	2778	113
3096 All Species 2778 Indigenous Species 2778 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 113 Endemic Species 113 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 167 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 46 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 634 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 30 endemic) 132 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1799 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 77 endemic) 318 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2009); Flore (Angiospermes) de la République de Guinée (Lisowski 2011); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Sierra Leone	SIE	71.740	o	2707	2572	58
2707 All Species 2572 Indigenous Species 2572 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 58 Endemic Species 58 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 138 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 63 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 577 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 157 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1637 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 39 endemic) 135 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Liberia	LBR	99.067	o	2243	2178	86
2243 All Species 2178 Indigenous Species 2177 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 86 Endemic Species 86 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 191 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 61 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 382 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 148 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1396 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 70 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Über die Farne Liberias (Westafrika), ihr Vorkommen und ihre Verbreitung (Kunkel 1962) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Mali	MLI	1.240.192	++	1676	1596	6
1676 All Species 1596 Indigenous Species 1595 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 6 Endemic Species 6 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 453 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1078 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Mali (Boudet et al. 1986) Most recent flora Flore Illustrée du Burkina Faso et du Mali (César et al. 2024) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959)
more species list checklist	Burkina Faso	BKN	274.200	++	2049	1808	1
2049 All Species 1808 Indigenous Species 1808 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 26 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 562 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 21 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1182 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 241 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Lebrun et al. 1991); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Burkina Faso (Thiombiano et al. 2012) Most recent flora Flore Illustrée du Burkina Faso et du Mali (César et al. 2024) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931);
more species list checklist	Ivory Coast	IVO	322.462	+	3541	3420	78
3541 All Species 3420 Indigenous Species 3420 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 78 Endemic Species 78 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 157 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 98 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 705 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 217 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 2243 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic) 121 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flore de la Cote d'Ivoire: Catalogue systematique, biogeographie et ecologie (Ake-Assi 2001-2002) Most recent flora Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Les Orchidees de Cote d’Ivoire (Perez-Vera 2003)
more species list checklist	Ghana	GHA	238.500	o	3191	3034	39
3191 All Species 3034 Indigenous Species 3034 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 39 Endemic Species 39 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 157 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 69 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 686 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 159 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1962 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 31 endemic) 157 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes A list of the Gold Coast Pteridophyta (Adams & Alston 1955); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Togo	TOG	56.785	++	2206	2024	15
2206 All Species 2024 Indigenous Species 2023 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15 Endemic Species 15 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 28 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 532 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 79 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1296 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 182 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel, ed., 1984); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Flore analytique du Togo (Brunel & Butzin 1985)
more species list checklist	Benin	BEN	112.622	++	2671	2263	12
2671 All Species 2263 Indigenous Species 2263 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12 Endemic Species 12 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 38 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 552 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1575 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic) 408 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore du Bénin (3 vols., Souza, ed., 2006-2009); Flore analytique du Benin (Akoegninou et al., eds., 2006); Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Flora of Benin, Vol. 1 (Souza 1987); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Niger	NGR	1.267.000	o	829	795	2
829 All Species 795 Indigenous Species 795 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 244 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 528 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Niger (Fabrègues & Lebrun 1976) Most recent flora Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.); Flore et végétation du Sahara. 3. ed. (Ozenda 1991) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist	Nigeria	NGA	923.768	o	4727	4586	95
4727 All Species 4586 Indigenous Species 4585 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 95 Endemic Species 95 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 194 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 117 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 924 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 287 Indigenous Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 3061 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 70 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of West Tropical Africa (Hutchinson & Dalziel, eds., 1954-1972, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Orchids of Nigeria (Segerbäck et al. 1983)
WEST CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA (23)
more species list checklist	Cameroon (Cameroun)	CMN	475.442	+	7255	6809	859
7255 All Species 6809 Indigenous Species 6809 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 859 Endemic Species 859 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 278 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 258 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 40 endemic) 1039 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 81 endemic) 409 Indigenous Orchids (of them 45 endemic) 4820 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 687 endemic) 446 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011) Most recent flora Flore du Cameroun (Aubreville et al., ed., 1963 - 2022, 44 vols., still incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 3 (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953); The vascular plants of Cameroon: a taxonomic checklist (Onana 2011) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flore du Cameroun, Vol. 34-36: Orchidaceae 1-3 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 1998/2001)
more species list checklist	Bioko Isl. (Fernando Poo)	BIO	2.017	+	1940	1733	41
1940 All Species 1733 Indigenous Species 1733 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 41 Endemic Species 41 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 212 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 64 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 260 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 135 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 1062 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 30 endemic) 207 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Velayos, M. et al. (2013): Preliminary Checklist of vascular plants of Bioko Island (Equatorial Guinea) Most recent flora Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The Pteridophyta of Bioko, Vol. 1-5 (Benl 1978-91) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931)
more species list checklist	Principe Isl.	PRI	146	+	524	406	20
524 All Species 406 Indigenous Species 406 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 20 Endemic Species 20 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 78 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 63 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 191 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic) 118 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Catalogue of the vascular plants of S. Tome etc. (Exell 1944); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of West Tropical Africa, Vol. 2 (Summerhayes 1931); Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist	Sao Tomé	SAO	855	+	1139	842	90
1139 All Species 842 Indigenous Species 842 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 90 Endemic Species 90 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 147 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 9 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 110 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 103 Indigenous Orchids (of them 22 endemic) 463 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 55 endemic) 297 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Annotated Catalogue of the flowering plants of Sao Tome and Principe (Figueiredo et al. 2011); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and fern-allies of West Tropical Africa (Alston 1959); Checklist of the ferns of Sao Tome and Principe (Internet) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Guide des Orchidees de Sao Tome et Principe (Stevart & de Oliveira (2000)
more species list checklist	Annobon Isl.	ANN	17	+	337	262	13
337 All Species 262 Indigenous Species 262 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13 Endemic Species 13 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 47 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 47 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 138 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic) 75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Velayos, M. et al. (2016): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Catalogue of the vascular plants of Sao Tome (Exell 1944/1956) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Velayos, M. et al. (2014): Checklist of the Vascular plants of Annobon (Equatorial Guinea); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist	Equatorial Guinea (mainland [Rio Muni], excluding islands)	EQG	24.500	o	2073	2014	43
2073 All Species 2014 Indigenous Species 2014 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 43 Endemic Species 43 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 136 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 83 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 376 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 163 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1254 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 36 endemic) 59 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of Equatorial Guinean Flora (Royal Jardin Botanico Madrid, Internet); some more checklists on family level Most recent flora Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial (Velayos, ed., 2008 ff., 7 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora de Guinea Ecuatorial, Vol. 1 (Velayos et al. 2008)
more species list checklist	Gabon	GAB	267.667	+	4768	4655	544
4768 All Species 4655 Indigenous Species 4655 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 544 Endemic Species 544 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 174 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 214 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 27 endemic) 589 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 42 endemic) 278 Indigenous Orchids (of them 21 endemic) 3398 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 452 endemic) 113 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Sosef et al. (2006): Check-list des plantes vasculaires du Gabon Most recent flora Flore du Gabon (Aubreville et al., eds., 1961-2024, 63 vols. published, almost complete); Plantes à Fleurs du Gabon (Field Guide, J. P. Vande Weghe et al.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore du Gabon, Vol. 8. Ptéridophytes (Tardieu-Blot 1964); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae 1 (Szlachetko & Olszewski 2000). In: Flore du Gabon (Morat, ed.)
more species list checklist	Congo [Brazzaville]	CON	342.000	+	4221	4070	74
4221 All Species 4070 Indigenous Species 4070 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 74 Endemic Species 74 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 209 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 165 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 720 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 2805 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 54 endemic) 151 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Congo (Sita & Moutsambote 1988); La flore des plantes vascularies de la Republique du Congo: nouvelles donnees (Lachenaud 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist	Central African Republic	CAF	622.436	+	3568	3364	96
3568 All Species 3364 Indigenous Species 3364 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 96 Endemic Species 96 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 114 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 98 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 596 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 25 endemic) 156 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 2396 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic) 204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977-1984, 3 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Catalogue de la flore de Centrafrique (Boulevert 1977); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of the Central African Republic (Cribb & Fay 1987)
more species list checklist	Cabinda	CAB	7.823	o	483	481	40
483 All Species 481 Indigenous Species 481 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 40 Endemic Species 40 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 35 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic) 46 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 399 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 31 endemic) 2 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist] Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Conspectus florae angolensis: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist	D.R. Congo (Zaire)	ZAI	2.344.885	o	8920	8699	1455
8920 All Species 8699 Indigenous Species 8699 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1455 Endemic Species 1455 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 325 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic) 13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 186 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 25 endemic) 1314 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 178 endemic) 540 Indigenous Orchids (of them 53 endemic) 6321 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1184 endemic) 221 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2024, over 90% complete); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes) - covers mountains in eastern part of the country Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of the Upper Katanga (Kornas et al. 2000); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist	Rwanda	RWA	26.338	o	2199	2151	65
2199 All Species 2151 Indigenous Species 2151 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 65 Endemic Species 65 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 198 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 397 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 202 Indigenous Orchids (of them 28 endemic) 1328 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic) 48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2024, over 90% complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Checklist of Lycopodiopsida and Polypodiopsida of Rwanda (Fischer & Lobin 2023); Flora of Tropical East Africa (various volumes) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
more species list checklist	Burundi	BUR	27.834	o	2072	2033	47
2072 All Species 2033 Indigenous Species 2033 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 47 Endemic Species 47 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 178 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 366 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 180 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 1288 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 33 endemic) 39 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore d'Afrique Centrale (1948-2024, over 90% complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Pteridophytes of Rwanda, Burundi and Kivu (Zaire), pts. I - II (Pichi Sermolli 1983, 1985)) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in: Flore de l'Afrique Centrale (Geerinck 1984/1992)
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA (24)
more species list checklist	Chad	CHA	1.284.000	++	2270	2039	18
2270 All Species 2039 Indigenous Species 2039 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18 Endemic Species 18 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 38 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 613 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1357 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 231 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist The Flora of Chad: a checklist and brief analysis (Brundu 2013); Catalogue des plantes vasculaires du Tchad meridional (Lebrun et al. 1972, with supplements 1976, 1977, 1986) Most recent flora Flore illustrée du Tchad (César & Chatelain 2019) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist	Sudan	SUD	1.886.068	+	2148	2006	29
2148 All Species 2006 Indigenous Species 2006 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 29 Endemic Species 29 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 169 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 530 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1284 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic) 142 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015) Most recent flora The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist	South Sudan	SSU	619.745	+	2813	2707	38
2813 All Species 2707 Indigenous Species 2707 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 38 Endemic Species 38 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 39 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 657 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 72 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1931 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 25 endemic) 106 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Sudan and South Sudan (Darbyshire et al. 2015); Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998) Most recent flora The flowering plants of the anglo-aegyptian Sudan (Andrews 1950-1956) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); The ferns and the fern-allies of the Sudan (Macleay 1953); Les Pteridophytes de l'Afrique Intertropicale Francaise (Tardieu-Blot 1953)
more species list checklist	Ethiopia	ETH	1.133.380	++	5067	4852	609
5067 All Species 4852 Indigenous Species 4852 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 609 Endemic Species 609 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 186 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1065 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 108 endemic) 166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 24 endemic) 3409 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 469 endemic) 215 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist	Eritrea	ERI	121.144	++	1581	1527	23
1581 All Species 1527 Indigenous Species 1527 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 23 Endemic Species 23 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 29 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 420 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1042 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 12 endemic) 54 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea (1989 - 2009, 9 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, Vol. 6 (Cribb & Thomas 1997)
more species list checklist	Djibouti	DJI	23.200	++	623	586	10
623 All Species 586 Indigenous Species 586 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10 Endemic Species 10 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 13 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 130 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 437 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic) 37 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Lebrun et al. 1990) Most recent flora Les Plantes Vasculaires de la République de Djibouti (Audru et al. 1994, 3 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Adumbratio Florae Aethiopicae (Pichi-Sermolli 1954 ff.)
more species list checklist	Somalia	SOM	637.700	++	2972	2908	731
2972 All Species 2908 Indigenous Species 2907 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 731 Endemic Species 731 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 24.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 40 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 564 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 108 endemic) 11 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2271 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 622 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 64 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist The plants of Somalia: an overview and checklist (Kuchar 1986) Most recent flora Flora of Somalia (Thulin, ed., 4 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1 (Thulin, ed., 1993) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae (Pettersson). - In: Flora of Somalia, Vol. 4 (Thulin 1995)
more species list checklist	Soqotra (incl. Abd-al-Kuri Isl., Samha Isl.)	SOC	3.579	++	820	780	307
820 All Species 780 Indigenous Species 779 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 307 Endemic Species 306 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 37.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 28 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 163 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 582 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 279 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Ethnoflora of Soqotra (Miller & Morris 2004)
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA (25)
more species list checklist	Uganda	UGA	241.038	++	4598	4432	89
4598 All Species 4432 Indigenous Species 4431 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 89 Endemic Species 89 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 274 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 54 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 970 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic) 296 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 2831 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 49 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 166 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile (part 1: Catalogue, Friis & Vollesen 1998) Most recent flora Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae: in Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
more species list checklist	Kenya	KEN	582.646	++	6338	6084	576
6338 All Species 6084 Indigenous Species 6083 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 576 Endemic Species 576 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 285 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 70 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic) 1272 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 99 endemic) 261 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic) 4188 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 451 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989); Orchids of Kenya (Stewart 1996)
more species list checklist	Tanzania (incl. Pemba Isl., Zanzibar)	TAN	945.268	++	9560	9265	1762
9560 All Species 9265 Indigenous Species 9265 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1762 Endemic Species 1762 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 406 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 133 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 48 endemic) 1766 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 187 endemic) 553 Indigenous Orchids (of them 100 endemic) 6396 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1398 endemic) 295 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Tropical East Africa (complete in 286 volumes) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Pteridophytes of Tropical East Africa (Johns 1991, Checklist) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in: Flora of Tropical East Africa (Summerhayes 1968, Cribb 1984, 1989)
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA (26)
more species list checklist	Angola (excl. Cabinda)	ANG	1.238.877	+	6461	6204	1225
6461 All Species 6204 Indigenous Species 6204 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1225 Endemic Species 1225 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 205 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 77 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic) 1207 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 171 endemic) 208 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic) 4502 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1028 endemic) 257 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Plants of Angola (Figueiredo & Smith 2008) [Checklist] Most recent flora Conspectus florae Angolensis (Fernandes et al., eds., 1937-1993, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids A provisional checklist of the Orchidaceae of Angola (Schelpe 1976)
more species list checklist	Zambia	ZAM	752.614	++	6117	5897	434
6117 All Species 5897 Indigenous Species 5897 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 434 Endemic Species 434 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 178 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 54 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 1199 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 107 endemic) 403 Indigenous Orchids (of them 27 endemic) 4060 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 294 endemic) 220 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of Zambian vascular plants (Phiri 2005) Most recent flora Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2024, 49 of 50 parts published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970); Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia (Kornas 1978) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in: Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist	Malawi	MLW	118.484	++	4404	4301	166
4404 All Species 4301 Indigenous Species 4301 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 166 Endemic Species 166 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 238 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 34 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 821 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 32 endemic) 408 Indigenous Orchids (of them 17 endemic) 2794 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 115 endemic) 103 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2024, 49 of 50 parts published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae in Flora Zambesiaca (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98)
more species list checklist	Zimbabwe	ZIM	390.759	++	5559	5110	250
5559 All Species 5110 Indigenous Species 5109 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 250 Endemic Species 250 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 278 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 39 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 964 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 42 endemic) 345 Indigenous Orchids (of them 18 endemic) 3475 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 185 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 449 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants (Mapaura 2004) Most recent flora Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2024, 49 of 50 parts published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); A list of orchids indigenous in Rhodesia (Grosvenor 1976)
more species list checklist	Mozambique	MOZ	799.380	++	5574	5134	318
5574 All Species 5134 Indigenous Species 5134 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 318 Endemic Species 318 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 229 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic) 58 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic) 822 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 33 endemic) 209 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 3797 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 269 endemic) 440 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique (da Silva et al. 2004) Most recent flora Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2024, 49 of 50 parts published); Flora de Mocambique (A. Fernandes, ed., 79 vols. published until 1980, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (1970) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids A Provisional Check-List of the Orchidaceae of Mozambique (Schelpe 1976)
SOUTH AFRICA (27)
more species list checklist	Namibia (incl. Caprivi Strip)	NAM	824.269	++	4075	3882	680
4075 All Species 3882 Indigenous Species 3879 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 680 Endemic Species 679 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 63 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 934 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 133 endemic) 17 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2850 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 545 endemic) 3 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 193 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Checklist of Namibian Indigenous and Naturalised Plants (Klaassen & Kwembeya 2013); List of Namibian Plant Species (Kolberg et al. 1992) Most recent flora Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrica (Merxmüller 1966-1972, 167 families published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrika, Lfg. 26 (Merxmüller, ed., 1969)
more species list checklist	Botswana	BOT	581.730	++	2640	2516	18
2640 All Species 2516 Indigenous Species 2516 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18 Endemic Species 18 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 51 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 671 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 27 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1751 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 124 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana (Setshogo 2005) Most recent flora Flora Zambesiaca (Exell et al., eds., 1960-2024, 49 of 50 parts published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flora Zambesiaca: Pteridophyta (Schelpe 1970); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Zambesiaca: Orchidaceae (La Croix & Cribb 1995/98); Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist	South Africa	SAF	1.219.090	+	20309	19333	13186
20309 All Species 19333 Indigenous Species 19311 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13186 Endemic Species 13178 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 64.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 277 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 37 endemic) 46 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 32 endemic) 42 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic) 4613 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3200 endemic) 474 Indigenous Orchids (of them 266 endemic) 13881 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9645 endemic) 22 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic) 976 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993) Most recent flora Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete); A Flora of the eastern Cape (C. L. Bredenkamp, ed., 3 vols., 2019, complete); Many major monographs in the Series "Strelitzia". Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region (2 vols., Manning & Goldblatt 2012). Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist	Lesotho	LES	30.355	+	1785	1632	35
1785 All Species 1632 Indigenous Species 1630 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 35 Endemic Species 35 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 436 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 62 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1043 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic) 2 Microspecies (of them endemic) 153 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993) Most recent flora Flora of Lesotho (Basutoland) (Guillarmod 1971); Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Southern Africa (Linder & Kurzweil 1999)
more species list checklist	Eswatini [Swaziland]	SWZ	17.363	+	2814	2661	40
2814 All Species 2661 Indigenous Species 2661 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 40 Endemic Species 40 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 109 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 648 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 91 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1783 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 27 endemic) 153 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of South African Plants (Germishuizen et al. 2006); Plants of southern Africa. An annotated checklist (Roux 2003); Vascular Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution (Arnold & de Wet 1993) Most recent flora Flora of southern Africa (1966 ff., 29 vols. published, very incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Ferns of Southern Africa (Crouch et al. 2012); Flora of Southern Africa: Pteridophyta (Schelpe & Anthony 1986) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Flora of Swaziland: Orchidaceae (Compton 1976)
MIDDLE ATLANTIC OCEAN (28)
more species list checklist	Ascension Isl.	ASC	88	++	257	35	13
257 All Species 35 Indigenous Species 35 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13 Endemic Species 13 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 17 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic) 11 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 7 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic) 222 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flowering Plants & Ferns of Ascension Isl. (Lambdon et al. 2023) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
more species list checklist	St. Helena	STH	122	++	490	98	51
490 All Species 98 Indigenous Species 98 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 51 Endemic Species 51 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic) 27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 41 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 31 endemic) 392 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist St. Helena: Checklist of endemic & indigenous plants (Clifton 1996) Most recent flora Flowering Plants & Ferns of St. Helena (Lambdon 2013); The Endemic Flora of St. Helena (Cronk 2000) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
INDIAN OCEAN (29)
more species list checklist	Madagascar	MDG	587.041	+	12212	11796	9898
12212 All Species 11796 Indigenous Species 11795 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9898 Endemic Species 9898 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 81.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 721 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 384 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic) 357 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 338 endemic) 1558 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1033 endemic) 937 Indigenous Orchids (of them 809 endemic) 8215 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7328 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 416 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar (www.tropicos.org) Most recent flora Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist	Comores (incl. Mayotte)	COM	1.862	o	1061	998	218
1061 All Species 998 Indigenous Species 998 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 218 Endemic Species 218 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 20.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 168 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic) 165 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic) 89 Indigenous Orchids (of them 31 endemic) 553 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 141 endemic) 63 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (H. Humbert, ed., 1937 ff., almost complete in ca. 180 volumes, but partially outdated) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The orchids of Madagascar: annotated checklist (Du Puy et al. 1999); Orchids of Madagascar, ed. 2 (Hermans 2007)
more species list checklist	Mozambique Channel Isl. (Iles Eparses p. p., incl. Ile Europa, Juan de Nova Isl.)	MCI	36	+	3	3	0
3 All Species 3 Indigenous Species 3 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) Most recent checklist An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, pt. 1-11,13 (Tardieu-Blot 1958-71), pt. 14 (Stefanovic et al. 1997)
more species list checklist	Mauritius (incl. Tromelin Isl., Cargados Carajos Isl.)	MAU	2.040	++	1956	1021	287
1956 All Species 1021 Indigenous Species 1021 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 287 Endemic Species 287 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 203 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 15 endemic) 24 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic) 226 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 36 endemic) 90 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 478 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 214 endemic) 935 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Cargados Carajos Isl.: Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands [only very few data for Agalega] Most recent flora Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist	La Réunion	REU	2.503	++	1810	994	247
1810 All Species 994 Indigenous Species 994 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 247 Endemic Species 247 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 13.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 254 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 25 endemic) 16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic) 190 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic) 163 Indigenous Orchids (of them 52 endemic) 371 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 136 endemic) 816 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist	Rodrigues Isl.	ROD	109	++	434	222	49
434 All Species 222 Indigenous Species 222 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 49 Endemic Species 49 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 72 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 111 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic) 212 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flore des Mascareignes (Bosser et al., eds., 1980-2023, 28 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Guide des Fougères et planes alliées des Mascareignes (Grangeaud 2010); Flore des Mascareignes, Pteridophytes. 1. Psilotacees - 26. Marsileacees. (Bosser, Badre & Gueho, eds., 2008) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flore des Mascareignes, 2 volumes for Orchidaceae (Hermans & Cribb 2023)
more species list checklist	Agalega Isl.	AGA	24	o	126	52	0
126 All Species 52 Indigenous Species 52 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 74 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands [only very few data for Agalega] Most recent flora Bouton, M. L. (1871): Lettre de l'Ile Agalega par Bojer... - Transactions of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius, New Ser. 5: 132-140.
more species list checklist	Iles Glorieuses (Iles Eparses p. p.)	IGL	7	+	8	5	0
8 All Species 5 Indigenous Species 5 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An updated account of the vascular flora of the Iles Eparses (Boullet et al. 2018) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009); Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960)
more species list checklist	Aldabra (incl. Asuncio Isl., Cosmoledo Isl., Astove Isl., St. Pierre Isl., Providence Isl., Farquhar Isl.)	ALD	155	+	242	194	25
242 All Species 194 Indigenous Species 193 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 25 Endemic Species 25 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 59 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 127 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 48 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands Most recent flora Flora of Aldabra (Hemsley 1919)
more species list checklist	Seychelles (also including outlier islands: Remire Isl., Desroches Isl., Darros Isl., Coetivy Isl.)	SEY	300	+	807	401	79
807 All Species 401 Indigenous Species 401 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 79 Endemic Species 79 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 89 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 121 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic) 22 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 164 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 43 endemic) 406 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Outlier Islands: Renvoize, S. A. (1975): A Floristic Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Coral Islands Most recent flora Flore des Seychelles: dicotyledones (Friedmann 1994); Flowering Plants of Seychelles (Robertson 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Les Fougères des Mascareignes et des Seychelles (Tardieu-Blot 1960); Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia)	CGS	30	++	180	67	2
180 All Species 67 Indigenous Species 67 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 42 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 113 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An annotated checklist of the flora of Diego Garcia (Topp 1988)
TEMPERATE ASIA (3)
SIBERIA (30)
more species list checklist	Siberia (incl. Altay, Sayan, Tuva, Krasnoyarsk, Buryatia, Chita, Transbaikalia, Yakutia, Irkutsk, NE-Siberia)	SIB	10.600.000	+	4572	4389	648
4572 All Species 4389 Indigenous Species 4206 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 648 Endemic Species 565 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 90 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 885 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 101 endemic) 47 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 3339 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 537 endemic) 183 Microspecies (of them 83 endemic) 183 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist) Most recent flora Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); numerous regional floras (in Russian) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
RUSSIAN FAR EAST (31)
more species list checklist	Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Amur, Ussuri, Okhotsk, Kuril Isl., Kamchatka, Commander Isl., Primorye, Khabarovsk, Magadan)	RFE	2.500.000	+	4124	3557	573
4124 All Species 3557 Indigenous Species 3533 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 573 Endemic Species 558 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 13.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 24 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 878 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 124 endemic) 71 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 2423 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 439 endemic) 24 Microspecies (of them 15 endemic) 567 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007, Checklist) Most recent flora Flora of the USSR / chief ed. V. L. Komarov (30 vols., 1934-1964); Flora of the Russian Arctic (Tolmachev & Yurtsev, eds., 1995 ff., 3 vols. published); Flora of Siberia (Malychev, ed., 2000 ff., 14 vols., to be continued); Vascular Plants of the Russian Far East (Kharkevich, ed., 2003 ff., 1 vol. published); Flora murmanskoj oblasti (Kirova, 5 vols., 1953-1966); Flora i paleogeografija Komandoskikh ostrovov (Vasil'ev 1957); Plants of the Kuril Islands (Takahashi 2015); numerous regional floras (in Russian) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968)
MIDDLE ASIA (32)
more species list checklist	Kazakhstan	KAZ	2.717.300	+	5369	5173	547
5369 All Species 5173 Indigenous Species 5116 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 547 Endemic Species 539 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 875 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 67 endemic) 24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 4186 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 480 endemic) 57 Microspecies (of them 8 endemic) 196 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of vascular plants of Kazakhstan (Abdulina 1999) Most recent flora Flora Kazakhstana (Pavlov, etc., 1956-1966, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kazakhstan SSR (Kuznetzov & Pavlov 1958); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist	Turkmenistan	TKM	488.100	+	2945	2751	205
2945 All Species 2751 Indigenous Species 2744 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 205 Endemic Species 204 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 503 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 25 endemic) 16 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2199 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 179 endemic) 7 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 194 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora Turkmenii (Fedtschenko et al., eds., 7 vols., 1932-60); Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2010); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Opredelitelja Rastenii Turkmenistana (Key to the Plants of Turkmenistan) (Nikitin & Geldichanov 1988) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) (Kopet Dagh only)
more species list checklist	Uzbekistan	UZB	447.700	o	4391	3970	276
4391 All Species 3970 Indigenous Species 3952 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 276 Endemic Species 276 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 20 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 725 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 56 endemic) 10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3196 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 220 endemic) 18 Microspecies (of them endemic) 421 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Sennikov et al. (Checklist, in prep.) Most recent flora Flora of Uzbekistan (Sennikov, ed., 3 vols. published, 2017-2019), Flora Uzbekistana (Schreder et al., eds., 1953-62, 6 vols., complete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Uzbekistana, Vol. 1 (Schreder et al. 1953) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae (Czerniakowska). - In: Flora Uzbekistanica I (Schreiber, ed., 1941); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist	Kyrgyzstan (Kirgisia)	KGZ	198.500	+	3980	3846	314
3980 All Species 3846 Indigenous Species 3817 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 314 Endemic Species 313 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 31 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 665 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 48 endemic) 15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3120 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 266 endemic) 29 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 134 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of vascular plants of Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov & Sultanova 2011) Most recent flora Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (11 vols., 1950-1965, complete), Flora Kirghiszkoj SSR (new version, Vykhotsev, ed., 1967-70, incomplete); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Kirgistan III (Shishkin & Vvedensky 1951); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
more species list checklist	Tajikistan	TZK	143.100	o	4822	4508	540
4822 All Species 4508 Indigenous Species 4489 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 540 Endemic Species 537 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 11.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 29 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 750 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 59 endemic) 12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3700 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 481 endemic) 19 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic) 314 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Illustrated Flora of Tajikistan and adjacent areas (Nowak & Nobis 2020, only about 30% of species covered); Flora Tadzikskoj SSR (Ovchinnikov et al., ed., 1957 - 1991, complete, 10 vols.); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Plants of Central Asia (Grubov, ed., 1999 ff., 16 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Tadjikskoj SSSR, Vol. 1 (Ovchinnikov 1957) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Tadshikistan (Ovchinnikov 1963); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 7 (2003) (Grubov, ed.)
CAUCASUS (33)
more species list checklist	Northern Caucasus (incl. Chechnya, Daghestan, etc.)	NCS	200.000	+	4152	3909	387
4152 All Species 3909 Indigenous Species 3823 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 387 Endemic Species 363 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 72 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 745 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 35 endemic) 46 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3026 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 352 endemic) 86 Microspecies (of them 24 endemic) 243 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published) Most recent flora Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Russia (Tatarenko 1996); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (Czerepanov 2007); Orchidaceae (Smoljaninova 1976). In: Flora of Russia, Vol. II (Fedorov, ed., engl. ed. 1999); Orkhidei nachei strany (Vakhrameeva et al. 1991)
more species list checklist	Gruziya [Georgia - Caucasus] (incl. Abkhazia, Adzharia)	GEO	69.700	+	3985	3708	243
3985 All Species 3708 Indigenous Species 3599 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 243 Endemic Species 206 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 76 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 678 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic) 50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2885 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 225 endemic) 109 Microspecies (of them 37 endemic) 277 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005); Conspectus Flora Kavkaza (Takhtajan 2003-2012, 4 of 5 vols. published) Most recent flora Flora Gruzii (in Georgian) (1971-2007, 15 vols., complete); Flora Abhazii (Kolakovskij, 1980-1986, 4 vols.), Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flora of Georgia (South Caucasus) (Fischer et al. 2018); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Vascular Plants of Georgia - A Nomenclatural Checklist (Gagnidze 2005)
more species list checklist	Armenia	ARM	29.800	+	3520	3435	154
3520 All Species 3435 Indigenous Species 3375 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 154 Endemic Species 145 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 46 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 642 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 18 endemic) 38 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2695 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 136 endemic) 60 Microspecies (of them 9 endemic) 85 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Flora of Armenia (Saghatelyan, unpubl.); Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published) Most recent flora Flora Armenii (ed. A. L. Tahtadzjiana) (11 vols., complete, 1954-2011); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [S-Aserbaidshan, Talysh-Region]
more species list checklist	Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh, incl. Nakhichevan)	AZE	81.100	+	3758	3589	134
3758 All Species 3589 Indigenous Species 3546 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 134 Endemic Species 130 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 58 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 720 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 37 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2758 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 117 endemic) 43 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 169 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Caucasian Flora Conspectus (Takhtajan 2003-2012) (4 of 5 volumes published) Most recent flora Flora Azerbaidzana (2 vols. published, 1953-1957); Flora of the USSR (Komarov et al., 1934-1964); Flora Kavkaza (Grossgeim, ed., 7 vols., 1939-1967) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the U.S.S.R., Bd. IV (Nevskii 1935/1968); Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [Talysh region only]; Orchidaceae (Karjagin). - In: Flora of Aserbaidshan II (1952)
WESTERN ASIA (34)
more species list checklist	Eastern Aegaean Islands (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Ikaria, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros, Tilos, Symi, Chalki, Rhodos, Karpathos, Kasos)	EAI	7.000	++	2407	2198	80
2407 All Species 2198 Indigenous Species 2174 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 80 Endemic Species 78 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 35 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 439 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 61 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 1641 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic) 24 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 209 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Atlas of the Aegaean Flora (Strid 2016); Atlas of the Hellenic Flora (Strid 2024); Checklist of Greece (Dimopoulos et al. 2013, 2016); Checklist updating and analysis of the flora of Symi island and of the nearby island of Seskli (Cattaneo & Grano 2019) Most recent flora Flora Hellenica (Strid & Kit Tan, eds., 1997 ff.); Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000); Flora von Rhodos and Chalki (Kleinsteuber et al., vol. 1, 2016) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen von Kreta und Karpathos (Alibertis 1997); Orchideen auf Rhodos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001); Orchideen auf Kreta, Karpathos & Kasos (Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001)
more species list checklist	Turkey (excl. European Turkey)	TUR	756.816	++	10029	9848	3866
10029 All Species 9848 Indigenous Species 9705 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3866 Endemic Species 3812 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 38 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 98 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic) 20 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic) 32 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic) 1645 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 606 endemic) 93 Indigenous Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 7960 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3222 endemic) 143 Microspecies (of them 54 endemic) 181 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean Islands (Davis et al., eds., 1965-2000, 9 vols. + 2 supplement volumes, complete); Flowers of Turkey - A photo guide (Pils 2006) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey and the east Aegaean Islands, Vol. 8 (Renz & Taubenheim 1984); Die Orchideen der Türkei (Kreutz 1999); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Turkey, Vol. 11 (Supplement (Kreutz 2000); Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist	Iraq	IRQ	438.317	+	3022	2967	181
3022 All Species 2967 Indigenous Species 2959 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 181 Endemic Species 178 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 561 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic) 20 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2358 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 166 endemic) 8 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic) 55 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Iraq (1966-2019, almost complete); Flora of Lowland Iraq (Rechinger, ed., 1964) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Iraq, Vol. 8 (Wood 1985)
more species list checklist	Iran	IRN	1.648.000	++	8045	7963	2812
8045 All Species 7963 Indigenous Species 7913 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2812 Endemic Species 2787 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 34.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 1050 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 200 endemic) 45 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 6785 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2604 endemic) 50 Microspecies (of them 25 endemic) 82 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist	Afghanistan	AFG	652.225	++	4401	4287	893
4401 All Species 4287 Indigenous Species 4286 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 893 Endemic Species 893 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 20.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 50 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 22 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 712 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 61 endemic) 14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3487 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 832 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 114 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular plants of Afghanistan: an augmented checklist (Breckle et al. 2013); Checklist of the Flowering plants of Afghanistan (Podlech 2012) Most recent flora Flora Iranica (Rechinger, ed., 1963-2015, 181 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978)
more species list checklist	Cyprus	CYP	9.251	++	1717	1624	141
1717 All Species 1624 Indigenous Species 1609 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 141 Endemic Species 135 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 24 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 321 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 26 endemic) 39 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 1227 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 109 endemic) 15 Microspecies (of them 6 endemic) 93 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 1/2 (Meikle 1977, 1985); An Illustrated Flora of North Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Viney 1996); Illustrated Flora of Cyprus (Christofides 2017, field guide) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Orchidaceae (J. J. Wood). - In: Flora of Cyprus, Vol. 2 (Meikle 1985); Orchids of Cyprus (Morschek & Morschek 1996)
more species list checklist	Lebanon	LEB	10.230	++	2721	2646	137
2721 All Species 2646 Indigenous Species 2636 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 137 Endemic Species 132 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 34 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 474 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 20 endemic) 34 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 2083 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 112 endemic) 10 Microspecies (of them 5 endemic) 75 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Illustrated Flora of Lebanon (G. & H. Tolme, 2007-2014, 2 vols.); Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970, 2 vols. text + 2 vols. atlas) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie I (Mouterde 1966); Die Orchideen der Levante (Fragman & Kretzschmar, in prep.)
more species list checklist	Syria	SYR	185.180	++	2906	2857	105
2906 All Species 2857 Indigenous Species 2853 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 105 Endemic Species 105 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 481 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 28 endemic) 36 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2296 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 76 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them endemic) 49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie (Mouterde, 1966/1970) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, Vol. I (Mouterde 1966); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982)
more species list checklist	Israel + Palestine	ISR	21.946	++	2461	2345	78
2461 All Species 2345 Indigenous Species 2341 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 78 Endemic Species 77 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 19 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 479 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic) 28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1801 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 58 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 116 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist and ecological data-base of the Flora of Israel (Fragman et al. 1999) Most recent flora Flora Palaestina (4 + 4 vols., 1966-1987, complete), Analytical Flora of Eretz-Israel (Feinbrun-Dothan & Danin 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Annotated List of the Orchids of Israel (Dafni et al. 1986); Orchids of Israel (Dafni 1981); Flora Palestina, pt. IV (Feinbrun-Dothan 1986)
more species list checklist	Sinai peninsula	SIN	61.000	++	1343	1303	36
1343 All Species 1303 Indigenous Species 1303 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 36 Endemic Species 36 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 264 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1022 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 35 endemic) 40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Egypt (Boulos, ed., 1999-2005) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchideen - Die wildwachsenden Arten und Unterarten Europas, Vorderasiens und Nordafrikas (Buttler 1986); Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas (Baumann & Künkele 1982); Flora of Egypt, Vol. 1: Azollaceae - Oxalidaceae (Boulos 1999)
more species list checklist	Jordania	JOR	89.556	+	1637	1605	31
1637 All Species 1605 Indigenous Species 1601 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 31 Endemic Species 31 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 278 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1297 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 25 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them endemic) 32 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist The Plants of Jordan. An annotated Checklist (Taifour & El-Oqlah 2017) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Jordan (Al-Eisawi 1986)
ARABIAN PENINSULA (35)
more species list checklist	Saudi Arabia	SAU	2.240.000	+	2141	2042	93
2141 All Species 2042 Indigenous Species 2042 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 93 Endemic Species 93 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 406 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1588 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 71 endemic) 99 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora Flora of Saudi-Arabia (3 vols., 3rd ed., Migahid 1988-1989); Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (3 vols. in 5 parts, Chaudhary, ed., 2001-2007); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (Mandaville 1990) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986); Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.), Vol. 6 (Heller & Heyn 1991); Flora of Eastern Saudi-Arabia (MANDAVILLE 1990); Orchidaceae, in: Flora of Saudi-Arabia, 3. Aufl. (MIGAHID 1989)
more species list checklist	Kuwait	KUW	17.820	++	446	430	1
446 All Species 430 Indigenous Species 430 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 93 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 334 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 16 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Flora of Kuwait (Boulos & Al-Dosari 1994) Most recent flora Flora of Kuwait (2 vols., 1985-1987, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published)
more species list checklist	Bahrain	BAR	707	+	345	311	0
345 All Species 311 Indigenous Species 311 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 64 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 243 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of vascular plants of Bahrain (El-Oqlah & Abbas 1994) Most recent flora Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist	Qatar	QAT	11.427	++	439	337	0
439 All Species 337 Indigenous Species 337 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 83 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 252 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 102 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Illustrated Checklist of the Flora of Qatar (Norton et al. 2009) Most recent flora The Flora of Qatar (2 vols., Abd el Bary & Ekhlas 2012); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist	United Arab Emirates (incl. Dubai, Abu Dhabi)	UAE	83.600	+	783	709	0
783 All Species 709 Indigenous Species 709 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 156 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 540 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 74 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Annotated Check-list for Plants in the U.A.E. (Jongbloed 2000) Most recent flora Flora of the United Arab Emirates (Karim & Fawzi 2007, 2 vols., complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published); The Comprehensive Guide to the Wildflowers of the United Arab Emirates (Jongbloed 2003) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist	Oman	OMA	309.500	++	1126	1073	94
1126 All Species 1073 Indigenous Species 1073 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 94 Endemic Species 94 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 224 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic) 7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 814 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 80 endemic) 53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Oman (Ghazanfar 1992) Most recent flora Flora of the Sultanate of Oman (Ghazanfar et al., 4 vols. 2003-2018, complete); Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra (Miller & Cope, 2 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
more species list checklist	Yemen (excl. Soqotra)	YEM	527.970	+	2069	1960	212
2069 All Species 1960 Indigenous Species 1960 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 212 Endemic Species 212 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 428 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 23 endemic) 18 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1456 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 189 endemic) 109 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus Florae Orientalis (Zohary et al., 1980-1994, 9 vols.) Most recent flora A handbook of the Yemen Flora (Wood & Haig-Thomas 1997) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Arabia (Cribb 1979, in Kew Bull. 33); New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia (Cribb 1986)
CHINA (36)
more species list checklist	China (incl. Hongkong, Macao and Hainan; excl. Tibet, Taiwan and South China Sea Isl.)	CHI	8.351.300	++	31431	30352	15363
31431 All Species 30352 Indigenous Species 30278 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15363 Endemic Species 15308 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 48.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2005 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 666 endemic) 179 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 79 endemic) 956 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 583 endemic) 4439 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2059 endemic) 1407 Indigenous Orchids (of them 508 endemic) 21366 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11468 endemic) 74 Microspecies (of them 55 endemic) 1079 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes); Higher Plants of China in Colour (2016, 8 vols.). Many regional floras in Chinese Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
more species list checklist	Tibet [Xizang]	TIB	1.220.000	++	6941	6882	1122
6941 All Species 6882 Indigenous Species 6869 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1122 Endemic Species 1121 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 527 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic) 50 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 94 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 17 endemic) 848 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 74 endemic) 313 Indigenous Orchids (of them 43 endemic) 5050 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 958 endemic) 13 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 59 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete, plus 23 picture volumes) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Native Orchids of China in Colour (Singchi = Xinqi et al. 1998)
MONGOLIA (37)
more species list checklist	Mongolia	MON	1.566.500	+	2879	2832	151
2879 All Species 2832 Indigenous Species 2812 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 151 Endemic Species 147 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 531 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2205 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 142 endemic) 20 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 47 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Conspectus of the vascular plants of Mongolia (Urgamal et al. 2014); Flora of Mongolia: annotated checklist of native vascular plants (Baasanmunkh et al. 2022) Most recent flora Flora of Mongolia (2009 ff., only 3 vols. published, very incomplete); Key to the Vascular Plants of Mongolia (Grubov 1982); Plants of Central Asia, Vol. 1 (Grubov 1963 [transl. 1999]); Flowers of Mongolia (Hauck & Solongo 2010)
EASTERN ASIA (38)
more species list checklist	North Korea	NKO	120.500	++	1945	1928	30
1945 All Species 1928 Indigenous Species 1928 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 30 Endemic Species 30 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 104 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 514 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 44 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1233 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic) 17 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014) Most recent flora Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 2015 ff., 12 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist	South Korea (incl. Cheju Do Isl.)	KOR	99.300	++	3017	2389	184
3017 All Species 2389 Indigenous Species 2388 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 184 Endemic Species 183 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 245 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 39 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 564 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 36 endemic) 88 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 1435 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 130 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 628 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Provisional Checklist of Vascular Plants for the Korea Peninsula Flora (KPF) (Chang et al. 2014) Most recent flora Coloured flora of Korea (Lee 2003, e vols.); Flora of Korea (C.-W. Park, ed., 2015 ff., 12 vols. published); Flora coreana (Im Rok Jae, 1996-2000, 9 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Illustrated Flora of Korea (Lee 1985)
more species list checklist	Japan (incl. Izu Isl., Yakushima Isl., excl. Ryukyu Isl. and Bonin Isl.)	JAP	372.769	++	5273	4829	1547
5273 All Species 4829 Indigenous Species 4824 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1547 Endemic Species 1546 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 29.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 636 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 79 endemic) 41 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 15 endemic) 99 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 49 endemic) 1100 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 321 endemic) 211 Indigenous Orchids (of them 43 endemic) 2742 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1040 endemic) 5 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 444 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Enumeration of the Vascular Plants of Japan (Yonekura 2012) Most recent flora Flora of Japan (revised edition, Iwatsuki et al., eds., 4 vols. in 8 parts, 1995-2020, complete)
more species list checklist	Ryukyu Isl. (Nansei Shoto) (incl. Osumi Isl., Tokara Isl., Amami Isl., Okinawa Isl., Daito Isl., Sakishima Isl.)	NNS	4.700	++	2107	1853	166
2107 All Species 1853 Indigenous Species 1853 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 166 Endemic Species 166 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 318 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 56 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 21 endemic) 411 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 35 endemic) 138 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 918 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 92 endemic) 254 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Okinawa and the Southern Ryukyu Islands (Walker 1976) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Southern Ryukyu Islands (Garay & Sweet 1974) [incl. checklist of northern Ryukyu Isl.]
more species list checklist	Ogasawara Islands (Bonin Isl.)	OGA	73	++	489	348	82
489 All Species 348 Indigenous Species 348 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 82 Endemic Species 82 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 70 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 79 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 172 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 56 endemic) 141 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987) Most recent flora Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist	Kazan-Retto (Volcano Isl., Iwo-jima)	KZN	30	++	251	186	7
251 All Species 186 Indigenous Species 186 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7 Endemic Species 7 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 54 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 45 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic) 65 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A revised list of vascular plants indigenous and introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands (Kobayashi & Ono 1987) Most recent flora Flora of the Bonin Islands (Toyoda 1981)
more species list checklist	Taiwan (incl. Lan Yu Isl.)	TAI	36.000	++	5718	4662	1316
5718 All Species 4662 Indigenous Species 4656 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1316 Endemic Species 1310 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 22.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 767 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 86 endemic) 27 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 13 endemic) 130 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 55 endemic) 726 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 129 endemic) 424 Indigenous Orchids (of them 148 endemic) 2588 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 885 endemic) 6 Microspecies (of them 6 endemic) 1056 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., eds., 6 vols., 1975-2003); Illustrated Flora of Taiwan (Zhong, 8 vols. in 9 parts, until 2019, complete); Grass Flora of Taiwan (C.-H. Chen et al., 2011-2018, 3 vols.); Flora of China (Zheng-Yi & Raven, eds., 1994-2013, 25 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Updating Taiwanese pteridophyte checklist (Taiwan Pteridophyte Group 2019); Index to Ferns and Fern Allies of Taiwan (Knapp 2014); Ferns of Taiwan (Ralf Knapp 2010, with supplement 2013); Flora of China, vol. 2/3 (2013); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 1-6, 1990 ff.); Flora of Taiwan, Vol. 1 (2nd. ed., 1994); Ferns of Taiwan (Chengmeng 2020, 2 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of China, Vol. 25 (Orchidaceae) (Xinqi et al.); Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Vol. 17-19, 1999); Flora of Taiwan (Li et al., 1975-79); Native Orchids of Taiwan (Lin 1975-1987, 3 vols.)
TROPICAL ASIA (4)
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (40)
more species list checklist	Pakistan	PAK	796.095	+	5320	4721	307
5320 All Species 4721 Indigenous Species 4712 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 307 Endemic Species 304 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 146 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 872 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 24 endemic) 41 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 3626 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 281 endemic) 9 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic) 599 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An annotated catalogue of the vascular plants of West Pakistan and Kashmir (Stewart 1972) Most recent flora Flora of [West] Pakistan (Nasir, ed., 1970-2012, 219 vols., mostly complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Iranica, Vol. 126 (Renz 1978) [only northern and western part]; Flora of Pakistan, no. 164 (Renz 1984)
more species list checklist	Nepal	NEP	147.181	+	6166	5792	351
6166 All Species 5792 Indigenous Species 5776 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 351 Endemic Species 347 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 564 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 23 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 86 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 896 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 40 endemic) 379 Indigenous Orchids (of them 23 endemic) 3844 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 284 endemic) 16 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 374 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Handbook of Nepalese Flowering Plants (Rajbhandari et al. 2017-2023) (new version of checklist, 4 of 5 vols. published); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019) Most recent flora Flora of Nepal, Web edition (publication ongoing, Watson et al., ed., 2011); Flora of Nepal (Bista, ed., 1997 ff., few parts published); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 of 50 volumes published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015-2020): Ferns and Fern-allies of Nepal, Volume 1-3 (complete); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Annotated Checklist of the Flowering Plants of Nepal (Press, Shrestha & Sutton 2001); The Orchids of Nepal Himalaya (Banerji & Pradhan 1984); Orchids of Nepal (Banerji 1978)
more species list checklist	Bhutan	BHU	47.000	++	5022	4731	180
5022 All Species 4731 Indigenous Species 4723 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 180 Endemic Species 178 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 540 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 22 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 106 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 680 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 389 Indigenous Orchids (of them 24 endemic) 2994 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 137 endemic) 8 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 291 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of the Pan-Himalayas: Preliminary Catalogue (Y.-S. Chen et al. 2019) Most recent flora Flora of Bhutan (Grierson & Long, eds., 1983-2002, 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophytes of Bhutan (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2009); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Bhutan, Vol. 3.3 (Orchidaceae) (2001)
more species list checklist	India (incl. Assam, Darjeeling, Sikkim, Chumbi, Jammu & Kashmir, excl. Andaman and Nicobar Isl., excl. Lakshadweep Isl.)	IND	3.279.173	+	18920	17134	4953
18920 All Species 17134 Indigenous Species 17085 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4953 Endemic Species 4926 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 26 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1059 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 67 endemic) 63 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 21 endemic) 488 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 240 endemic) 3102 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 986 endemic) 1191 Indigenous Orchids (of them 301 endemic) 11231 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3338 endemic) 49 Microspecies (of them 27 endemic) 1786 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete); Checklist of the Grasses of India (Kellogg et al. 2020) Most recent flora Flora of India (Sharma et al., eds., 1993 ff., 11 of 24 vols. published); Fascicles of Flora of India (1978 ff., 30 vols. published); almost 100 regional floras in India (Botanical Survey of India and others); Flora of the Pan-Himalayas (just started, 8 volumes published); Flora of Eastern Ghats (Pullaiah et al., 2002 ff., 7 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018), Part III (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2020); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); New Species Syndrome in Indian Pteridology and the ferns of Nepal (Fraser-Jenkins 1997); Illustrated Manual of Ferns of Assam (Borthakur et al. 2000); The Ferns of India: Enumeration, Synonyms and Distribution (Chandra 2000); Fern flora of South India (Nampy & Madhusoodanan 1998); An illustrated fern flora of West Himalaya. Vol. 1-2 (Khullar 1994/2000) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids A catalogue of Indian Orchids (Sathish Kumar & Manilal 1994); Orchid flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Chowdhery 1998); Orchids of India (2nd ed.) (Bose et al. 1999); Orchids of Kumaon Himalaya (Pangtey et al. 1991); Orchids of Meghalaya (Kataki 1986); Orchids of Mussoorie (Raizada et al. 1981); Orchids of Nagaland (Deorani & Naithani 1995); Orchids of Nagaland (Hynniewta et al. 2000); Orchids of Nilgiris (2nd. ed., Joseph 1987); Orchids of Western Ghats (Kumar 1995); Flora of Hassan District Karnataka (Saldanha et al. 1976); The Orchids of Bombay (Santapau & Kapadia 1966); The Orchid Flora of NW-Himalaya (Deva & Naithani 1986); Monocotyledonous Plants of Uttar Pradesh: A Checklist (Uniyal et al. 1999)
more species list checklist	Lakshadweep Isl. (Laccadives)	LDV	32	+	395	226	0
395 All Species 226 Indigenous Species 226 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 62 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 156 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 169 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Plant Diversity of Lakshadweep Islands (C. S. Reddy & P. S. Roy 2012)
more species list checklist	Maldives	MDV	298	o	373	188	0
373 All Species 188 Indigenous Species 188 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 50 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 130 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 185 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist List of Addu vascular plants (Fosberg et al. 1966) Most recent flora The botany of the Maldive Islands (Willis & Gardiner 1901); Common Plants of Maldives (Sujanapal & Sankaran 2016); Trees and shrubs of the Maldives (Selvam 2007)
more species list checklist	Sri Lanka	SRL	65.610	++	4324	3632	930
4324 All Species 3632 Indigenous Species 3631 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 930 Endemic Species 930 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 342 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 43 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 113 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 52 endemic) 732 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 111 endemic) 196 Indigenous Orchids (of them 67 endemic) 2247 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 656 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 692 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon (Dassayanake, ed., 1980-2006, 15 vols. in 16 parts plus Index, complete); Illustrated Field Guide to the Flowers of Sri Lanka (Vlas & Vlas-deJong, 2008-2019, 3 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon, vol. 15/1-2 (Shaffer-Fehre, ed., 2006); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); An annotated check-list of the Pteridophytes of Ceylon (Sledge 1982) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae, Apostasiaceae (Jayaweera). In: A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Vol. 2 (Dassanayake, ed., 1981)
more species list checklist	Bangladesh	BAN	147.570	o	4837	4079	34
4837 All Species 4079 Indigenous Species 4079 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 34 Endemic Species 34 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 219 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 175 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 811 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 285 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2581 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic) 758 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Bangladesh (Khan, ed., 1975 ff., 63 vols. published); Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vols. 5-12 (Ahmed, ed., 2007-2009, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of Bangladesh, vol. 5 (2007) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Bangladesh, vol. ##
INDOCHINA (41)
more species list checklist	Andaman Isl.	AND	6.496	+	2035	1681	157
2035 All Species 1681 Indigenous Species 1681 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 157 Endemic Species 157 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 81 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 93 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic) 287 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic) 124 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic) 1087 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 104 endemic) 354 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete) Most recent flora Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999/2023, 2 vols. published, ?complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001)
more species list checklist	Nicobar Isl.	NCB	1.800	+	1477	1213	69
1477 All Species 1213 Indigenous Species 1213 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 69 Endemic Species 69 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 97 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 7 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 66 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic) 224 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 60 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 759 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 42 endemic) 264 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Plant Resources of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Checklist, Dagar & Singh 1999); Flowering Plants of India. An Annotated Checklist (Mao & Dash, 2020, 3 vols., complete) Most recent flora Flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Hajra et al., eds., 1999/2023, 2 vols. published, ?complete); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999); Flora of Campbell Bay National Park (Jayanthi 2017) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Annotated Checklist of Indian Pteridophytes, Part I (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2017), Part II (Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018); Taxonomic Revision of Three Hundred Indian Subcontinental Pterophytes With a Revised Census-List (Fraser-Jenkins 2008); Pteridophytes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Dixit 2001); Flora of Great Nicobar Island (Sinha 1999)
more species list checklist	Myanmar	MYA	676.552	o	10759	9895	1008
10759 All Species 9895 Indigenous Species 9891 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1008 Endemic Species 1006 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 752 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic) 40 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 374 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 58 endemic) 1464 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 134 endemic) 1036 Indigenous Orchids (of them 101 endemic) 6229 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 703 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 864 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Checklist of the Trees, Shrubs, Herbs, and Climbers of Myanmar (Kress et al. 2003); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes A Contribution Toward the Knowledge of Ferns and Lycophytes from Northern and Northwestern Myanmar (Khine et al. 2017); The ferns of Burma (Dickason 1946) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids An annotated checklist of Myanmar orchid flora (Aung et al. 2020)
more species list checklist	Thailand	THA	513.115	+	11304	10808	2116
11304 All Species 10808 Indigenous Species 10808 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2116 Endemic Species 2116 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 18.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 767 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 31 endemic) 33 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic) 484 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 163 endemic) 2021 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 497 endemic) 1260 Indigenous Orchids (of them 157 endemic) 6243 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1263 endemic) 496 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora of Thailand (Smitinand et al., eds., 1981-2023, so far 16 vols. in ca. 50 parts, ca. 70% complete, to be continued) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Flora of Thailand, Vol. 3/1-4 (Tagawa & Iwatsuki 1979-1989); Pteridophytes in Thailand (Boonkeerd & Pollawatn 2000) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Contributions to the Orchid Flora of Thailand / Orchid Genera in Thailand, 1-13 (Seidenfaden 1972-1998); A Field Guide to the Wild Orchids of Thailand (Vaddhanaphuti 2001); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/1 (Orchidaceae 1) (Pedersen et al. 2011); Flora of Thailand, Vol. 12/2 (Orchidaceae 2) (Pedersen et al. 2014)
more species list checklist	Laos	LAO	236.800	o	5781	5444	383
5781 All Species 5444 Indigenous Species 5444 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 383 Endemic Species 383 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 311 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic) 36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 226 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 12 endemic) 888 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 106 endemic) 539 Indigenous Orchids (of them 37 endemic) 3444 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 220 endemic) 337 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Checklist of Plants in Lao PDR (Jin et al. 2016 [data quality not very good]); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2024, 37 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist	Cambodia	CBD	181.035	+	4371	4032	132
4371 All Species 4032 Indigenous Species 4032 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 132 Endemic Species 132 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 210 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 174 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 13 endemic) 687 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 19 endemic) 298 Indigenous Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 2650 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 91 endemic) 339 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Checklist for the Seed Plants of Cambodia (Cho et al. 2016); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2024, 37 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Lindsay, S. & Middleton, D.J. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/; Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992)
more species list checklist	Vietnam	VIE	331.690	+	12035	11289	2784
12035 All Species 11289 Indigenous Species 11285 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2784 Endemic Species 2780 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 23.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 928 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 77 endemic) 68 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic) 630 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 187 endemic) 1631 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 563 endemic) 1147 Indigenous Orchids (of them 333 endemic) 6885 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1605 endemic) 4 Microspecies (of them 4 endemic) 746 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Câyco Viêtnam (Pham Hoàng Hô, 1991-1993, 3 vols. in 6 parts, complete); Flora of Vietnam (2000 ff., so far 10 families published), Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam (Leroy, ed., 1960-2024, 37 vols. published, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Fougeres (de la Flore Generale de l'Indochine) (Tardieu-Blot & Christensen 1939-1951); Cay Co Vietnam (An Illustrated Flora of Vietnam), vol. 1 (Pham-Hoang Ho (1991) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Indochina (Seidenfaden 1992); Identification Guide to Vietnamese Orchids (Averyanov 1994); Preliminary List of the Vietnamese Orchids, Vol. 1-2 (Averyanov 1988); Updated Checklist of the Orchids of Vietnam (Averyanov & Averyanova 2004)
MALESIA (42)
more species list checklist	peninsular Malaysia (incl. Langkawi Isl.)	MLY	132.246	+	9247	8920	2074
9247 All Species 8920 Indigenous Species 8920 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2074 Endemic Species 2074 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 22.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 701 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 48 endemic) 31 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 6 endemic) 640 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 189 endemic) 1341 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 349 endemic) 933 Indigenous Orchids (of them 184 endemic) 5274 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1298 endemic) 327 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A catalogue of the vascular plants of Malaya (Turner 1995 publ. 1997); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora of peninsular Malaysia (Parris, Kiew, eds., 2010 ff., 13 vols. published, to be continued); Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992)
more species list checklist	Singapore	SNG	710	++	2645	2190	19
2645 All Species 2190 Indigenous Species 2190 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 19 Endemic Species 19 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 176 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 180 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 314 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 224 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 1288 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic) 455 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A checklist of the total vascular plant flora of Singapore (Chong et al. 2009) Most recent flora The concise flora of Singapore (Keng, 2 vols., 1990, 1998); Flora of Singapore (Middleton et al., eds., 2019 ff., 3 vols. published), Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Series I: Ferns and Lycophytes, Vol. 1 (2010), 2 (2013), 3 (2020); Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); A Guide to the Ferns of Singapore (Wee 1987) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (Seidenfaden & Wood 1992); A Guide to the Orchids of Singapore (Tan & Sin 1995)
more species list checklist	Sumatera (incl. Mentawai, Enggano, Nias, Simeulue, Lingga Arch., Krakatau, Bangka, Belitung, Batu)	SUM	425.150	o	7493	7353	2015
7493 All Species 7353 Indigenous Species 7352 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2015 Endemic Species 2014 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 26.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 754 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 135 endemic) 35 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 445 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 126 endemic) 891 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 252 endemic) 1166 Indigenous Orchids (of them 480 endemic) 4062 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1020 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 140 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Sumatra (Comber 2001)
more species list checklist	South China Sea Isl.	SCS	2	o	284	197	0
284 All Species 197 Indigenous Species 197 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 67 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 120 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 87 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
more species list checklist	Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah, Kalimantan, incl. Natuna Isl., Riouw Arch., excl. Brunei)	BOR	743.384	o	12511	12305	5594
12511 All Species 12305 Indigenous Species 12304 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5594 Endemic Species 5593 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 44.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1082 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 253 endemic) 56 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 18 endemic) 774 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 287 endemic) 1685 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 966 endemic) 1686 Indigenous Orchids (of them 917 endemic) 7022 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3153 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 206 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Enumeratio Phanerogamarum Bornearum (Masamune 1942, 1945); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); The plants of Mount Kinabalu (1992-2004, 5 vols. published); Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak (Soepadmo & Wong, eds., 1995-2007, 6 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids A Checklist of the Orchids of Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 1 (Chan et al. 1994); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 2 (Vermeulen 1991); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 3 (Wood 1997); Orchids of Borneo, Vol. 4 (Wood 2003); Bulbophyllum of Borneo (Vermeulen, O'Byrne & Lamb 2015)
more species list checklist	Brunei	BRN	5.765	+	2639	2599	114
2639 All Species 2599 Indigenous Species 2599 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 114 Endemic Species 114 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 132 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 286 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic) 165 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 30 endemic) 223 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 1784 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 67 endemic) 40 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu, vol. 1 (Ferns and Fern Allies) (Parris et al. 1992) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae (Wood). In: A Checklist of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Brunei Darussalam (Wong & Dransfield, ed., 1996)
more species list checklist	Sulawesi (Celebes) (incl. Selayar, Banggai, Sangihe, Kabaena)	SUL	189.070	o	5134	4897	1373
5134 All Species 4897 Indigenous Species 4896 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1373 Endemic Species 1372 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 26.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 778 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 88 endemic) 30 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 218 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 59 endemic) 634 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 190 endemic) 668 Indigenous Orchids (of them 375 endemic) 2569 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 659 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 237 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of woody plants of Sulawesi, Indonesia (Keßler et al. 2002); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Hovenkamp, P. (2013 onwards): Ferns of Sulawesi - Checklist. sulawesiferns.myspecies.info Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist	Palawan (incl. Busuanga, Culion)	PLW	14.649	o	1531	1517	227
1531 All Species 1517 Indigenous Species 1517 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 227 Endemic Species 227 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 232 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic) 80 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic) 214 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 20 endemic) 26 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 956 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 181 endemic) 14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Checklist by J. F. Barcelona (pers. comm.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist	Philippines (excl. Palawan, Sulu Arch.)	PHI	325.000	+	9564	8846	4460
9564 All Species 8846 Indigenous Species 8846 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4460 Endemic Species 4460 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 46.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1043 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 250 endemic) 37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 10 endemic) 398 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 228 endemic) 1038 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 355 endemic) 1187 Indigenous Orchids (of them 817 endemic) 5143 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2800 endemic) 718 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Co's digital flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Pelser, P.B., J.F. Barcelona & D.L. Nickrent (eds.). 2011 onwards. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines (www.philippineplants.org); Guide to Philippine Flora and Fauna, Vol. 2 (Zamora & Co 1986) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidiana Philippiniana (Valmayor 1984); The Orchids of the Philippines (Cootes 2001) (contains checklist)
more species list checklist	Jawa (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Arch., Bawean)	JAW	130.520	o	6852	5512	839
6852 All Species 5512 Indigenous Species 5511 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 839 Endemic Species 838 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 557 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 46 endemic) 13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 266 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 65 endemic) 798 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 94 endemic) 786 Indigenous Orchids (of them 174 endemic) 3092 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 460 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 1340 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora of Java (Backer & van den Brink, 1963-1968, outdated); Mountain Flora of Java (van Steenis 1972); Flora Malesiana (about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Java (Comber 1991)
more species list checklist	Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, Alor, Wetar) [incl. East Timor]	LSI	80.000	o	3729	3311	359
3729 All Species 3311 Indigenous Species 3311 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 359 Endemic Species 359 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 9.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 372 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 13 endemic) 17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 118 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 17 endemic) 552 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 31 endemic) 309 Indigenous Orchids (of them 51 endemic) 1943 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 245 endemic) 418 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014) [not seen nor included] Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The Ferns of the Lesser Sunda Islands (Posthumus 1944); On the Ferns of Sumba (Posthumus 1930); A preliminary Study on Pteridophytes of Lombok: List of the Species (Wardani & Jaenudin 2013) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Timor: checklist (Silveira et al. 2008); Flora of Bali - a provisional checklist (van Balgooy et al. 2014 [not seen nor included]); Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist	Moluccas [Maluku] (Tanimbar, Kei, Aru, Banda, Ambon, Seram, Buru, Obi, Bacan, Halmaheira, Ternate, Tidore, Morotai, Talaud, Sulu Arch.)	MOL	74.500	o	4001	3817	659
4001 All Species 3817 Indigenous Species 3816 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 659 Endemic Species 658 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 720 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 92 endemic) 29 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 210 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 48 endemic) 493 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 52 endemic) 449 Indigenous Orchids (of them 172 endemic) 1916 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 295 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 184 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); Taxonomic Studies of Pteridophytes of Ambon and Seram (Moluccas) (in 12 parts) (Kato 1988-2007) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Sulawesi and Maluku: a preliminary Catalogue (Thomas & Schuiteman 2002)
more species list checklist	Cocos (Keeling) Islands	CKI	14	++	134	73	0
134 All Species 73 Indigenous Species 73 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 51 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 61 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist	Christmas Isl. (Austr.)	XMS	135	++	381	212	17
381 All Species 212 Indigenous Species 212 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 17 Endemic Species 17 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 29 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 134 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic) 169 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
PAPUASIA (43)
more species list checklist	New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea, incl. d'Entrecasteaux Isl., Goodenough Isl., Louisiade Arch., Rennell, Yapen [Japen], Biak, Waigeo etc.)	NWG	800.000	+	13881	13481	8951
13881 All Species 13481 Indigenous Species 13480 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 8951 Endemic Species 8950 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 64.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1353 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 573 endemic) 54 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic) 739 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 587 endemic) 1622 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 840 endemic) 2847 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2352 endemic) 6866 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4580 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 400 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist New Guinea has the world's richest island flora (Cámara-Leret et al. 2020) [detailed checklist] Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far), Handbooks of the flora of Papua New Guinea (3 vols. published, outdated) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued); The ferns and fern-allies of Papua New Guinea (Johns & Bellamy, 1979 ff., in 12 parts); A Checklist of the Fern Allies, Ferns and Gymnosperms of the N. E. Kepala Burung (Vogelkop), Irian Jaya, Indonesia (Edwards, Johns & Kowalska 2012) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist	Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland, New Hanover, Admiralty Isl., Manus Isl., Umboi Isl.)	BIS	48.500	-	1923	1835	255
1923 All Species 1835 Indigenous Species 1835 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 255 Endemic Species 255 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 13.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 364 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic) 17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 71 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 16 endemic) 214 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 51 endemic) 283 Indigenous Orchids (of them 52 endemic) 886 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 120 endemic) 88 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Malesiana (1948 ff., numerous volumes, about 40% published so far); Flora of the Bismarck Archipelago for naturalists (Peekel 1947, reprint 1985, very incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Malesiana, Series II: Ferns and Fern Allies. Vol. 1-5 (to be continued) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Checklist of Papuasian Orchids (Ormerod 2017); A. Schuiteman & Ed de Vogel (2001-2010, CD-ROM): Flora Malesiana: Orchids of New Guinea: illustrated checklist and genera. Part 1: Checklist and genera (2001). Part 2: Genus Dendrobium and allied genera (2002). Part 3: Genera Acanthephippium to Hymenorchis (2005). Part 4: Genera Kuhlhasseltia to Ophioglossella (2006). Part 5: Genera Pachystoma to Zeuxine (2008). Part 6: Genus Bulbophyllum (2010).
more species list checklist	Solomon Isl. (incl. Bougainville, excl. Santa Cruz Isl.)	SOL	35.926	o	2464	2279	479
2464 All Species 2279 Indigenous Species 2279 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 479 Endemic Species 479 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 456 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 50 endemic) 16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 109 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 38 endemic) 255 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 74 endemic) 343 Indigenous Orchids (of them 46 endemic) 1100 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 270 endemic) 185 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of the Solomon Islands and Bougainville (Lewis & Cribb 1991)
AUSTRALASIA (5)
AUSTRALIA (50)
more species list checklist	Australia (incl. Tasmania, excl. other islands)	AUS	7.690.849	+(+)	23868	21653	19209
23868 All Species 21653 Indigenous Species 21632 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 19209 Endemic Species 19208 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 80.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 459 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 169 endemic) 114 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 111 endemic) 301 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 243 endemic) 2945 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2298 endemic) 1500 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1352 endemic) 16334 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15036 endemic) 21 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 2215 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Census of Australian Vascular Plants (Hnatiuk 1990); Checklist of the vascular flora of the Sunda-Sahul Convergence Zone (Joyce et al. 2020 [data quality not very good]) Most recent flora Flora of Australia (1982 ff., 29 vols. published, about 60% complete, the rest will be published online as e-flora); Flora of Victoria (1993-1999, 4 vols., complete); Flora of New South Wales (2000-2002, 2 vols. published); Flora of the Darwin region (Dunlop et al., 1995, 59 families published); Floodplain Flora (Cowie et al., eds., about 30 families published); Flora of South Eastern Queensland (1983-1989, 3 vols.); Flora of South Australia (5th ed., 2011 ff., published in familiy accounts online); The Student's Flora of Tasmania (2nd ed., 1993-1994, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Australia, Volume 48 (1998); Flora of South Australia (Jessop & Toelken 1986); The Ferns of Tasmania (Garrett 1997); Ferns and Allied Plants of Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia (Duncan & Isaac 1994); Flora of Victoria, Vol. 2 (Walsh & Entwistle, ed., 1994) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Catalogue of Australian Orchidaceae (Clements 1989); Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 1987); A Complete Guide to Native Orchids of Australia (Jones 2006); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); Flora of South Australia, pt. I (Black 1960); Orchids of South Australia (Bates & Weber 1990); Contributions to Tasmanian Orchidology (Jones 1998); The Orchids of Tasmania (Jones et al. 1999); Field Guide to the Orchids of New South Wales and Victoria (Bishop 1996); The Orchids of Victoria (Backhouse & Jeanes 1995); Orchids of Western Australia (Dixon et al. 1989); Orchids of SW-Australia (3rd ed.) (Hoffmann & Brown 2001)
more species list checklist	Ashmore Reef & Cartier Isl.	ASH	1	++	17	16	0
17 All Species 16 Indigenous Species 16 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Australia 49 (Oceanic Islands 1) (1994)
more species list checklist	Lord Howe Isl.	LHI	154	++	503	281	100
503 All Species 281 Indigenous Species 281 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 100 Endemic Species 100 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 60 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 54 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 13 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 147 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic) 222 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist	Norfolk Isl. (incl. Philip Isl.)	NFK	39	++	452	194	36
452 All Species 194 Indigenous Species 194 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 36 Endemic Species 36 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 49 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 8 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 36 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 94 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 24 endemic) 258 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
NEW ZEALAND (51)
more species list checklist	New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Three Kings Isl., Snares Isl., excl. remote islands)	NZL	270.000	++	4024	2269	1567
4024 All Species 2269 Indigenous Species 2251 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1567 Endemic Species 1567 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 38.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 194 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 33 endemic) 19 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 19 endemic) 20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 15 endemic) 470 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 285 endemic) 122 Indigenous Orchids (of them 54 endemic) 1444 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1161 endemic) 18 Microspecies (of them endemic) 1755 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete); The flora of the Snares Islands, New Zealand (Fineran 1969); Flora of New Zealand [eFloraNZ] (2014 ff., 7 + 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of New Zealand - Lycophytes [eFloraNZ] (2014-2021, 17 vols. published, http://www.nzflora.info/publications.html); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist	Kermadec Isl.	KER	36	++	149	108	21
149 All Species 108 Indigenous Species 108 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 21 Endemic Species 21 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 41 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 24 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 39 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 41 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Kermadec Islands Flora: An annotated checklist (Sykes 1977); New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New records and other information on the vascular flora of the Kermadec Islands (Sykes & West 1996); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985); New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist	Chatham Isl.	CTM	963	++	811	424	48
811 All Species 424 Indigenous Species 422 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 48 Endemic Species 48 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 104 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 95 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 189 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 37 endemic) 2 Microspecies (of them endemic) 387 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of vascular plants recorded from Chatham Islands (De Lange et al. 2011); Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey et al. 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist	Antipodes Isl.	ATP	60	++	66	66	5
66 All Species 66 Indigenous Species 66 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5 Endemic Species 5 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 21 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 27 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4 endemic) Most recent checklist Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols., complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist	Auckland Isl.	AUC	551	++	250	177	5
250 All Species 177 Indigenous Species 177 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5 Endemic Species 5 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 43 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 49 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 73 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the New Zealand Flora - Seed Plants (Schönberger et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
PACIFIC (6)
SOUTH WEST PACIFIC (60)
more species list checklist	Santa Cruz Isl. (Vanikoro, etc.)	SCZ	815	o	341	310	17
341 All Species 310 Indigenous Species 310 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 17 Endemic Species 17 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 96 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 42 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 140 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic) 31 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Sol Amazing! (Lycophytes and Ferns of the Solomon Islands) (Chen et al. 2017)
more species list checklist	New Caledonia (incl. Ile des Pins, Loyalty Isl., Ile Art)	NWC	19.058	+	3918	3377	2554
3918 All Species 3377 Indigenous Species 3376 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2554 Endemic Species 2554 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 65.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 295 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 110 endemic) 48 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 47 endemic) 114 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 103 endemic) 318 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 148 endemic) 224 Indigenous Orchids (of them 118 endemic) 2378 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2028 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 541 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist www.endemia.nc Most recent flora Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie (1967-2021, 27 vols. published [approx. 45%], to be continued); Flore Ornementale de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Gatéble & Neaoutyine 2016) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 3 (Brownlie 1969) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flore de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances, Vol. 8 (Hallé 1977); Orchidees Indigenes de Nouvelle-Caledonie (Société Néo-Caledonienne d’Orchidophilie 1995); Checklist of New Caledonian Orchidaceae (Clements & Jones 1999, in Orchadian 13)
more species list checklist	Vanuatu	VAN	12.190	o	1645	1276	179
1645 All Species 1276 Indigenous Species 1276 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 179 Endemic Species 179 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 329 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 14 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 31 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 10 endemic) 137 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic) 177 Indigenous Orchids (of them 20 endemic) 593 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 112 endemic) 369 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Vanuatu National Herbarium (PVNH) (Chanel et al. 2017) Most recent flora Remarkable Plants of Vanuatu (Ramon et al. 2015, field guide); A Guide to the Common Trees of Vanuatu (Wheatley 1992); Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Vanuatu (Lewis & Cribb 1989)
more species list checklist	Rotuma Isl.	ROT	43	+	487	216	4
487 All Species 216 Indigenous Species 216 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 133 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 271 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma with Rotuman Names (McClatchley et al. 2000) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns of Rotuma Island, a Descriptive Manual (St. John 1954)
more species list checklist	Tonga	TON	750	o	799	533	27
799 All Species 533 Indigenous Species 533 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 27 Endemic Species 27 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 94 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 17 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 67 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 54 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 299 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 21 endemic) 266 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Plants of Tonga (Yuncker 1959); The vegetation of Late, Tonga (Sykes 1981); Rain forest vegetation of 'Eua Island (Drake et al. 1996); The rare plants of Tonga (Whistler 2011) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The Pteridophytes of 'Eua, Southern Tonga (Sykes 1978); New or noteworthy ferns from the Tongan Islands (Iwatsuki 1963) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist	Niue Isl.	NUE	264	o	563	214	3
563 All Species 214 Indigenous Species 214 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 134 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 349 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The flora of Niue Island (Yuncker 1943, outdated); Contributions to the flora of Niue (Sykes 1970) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist	Fiji	FIJ	18.376	++	2510	1686	773
2510 All Species 1686 Indigenous Species 1686 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 773 Endemic Species 773 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 311 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 47 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 4 endemic) 101 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 76 endemic) 144 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 46 endemic) 176 Indigenous Orchids (of them 46 endemic) 944 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 554 endemic) 824 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Vitiensis nova (A.C. Smith, 1971-1996, 5 vols. + Index, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The pteridophyte flora of Fiji (Brownlie 1977); A revised Checklist of Fijian ferns and lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie 2011) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora vitiensis nova, Vol. 5 (Kores 1991)
more species list checklist	Wallis & Futuna	WAL	177	+	258	248	4
258 All Species 248 Indigenous Species 248 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 129 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 10 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist The vascular plants of the Horne and Wallis Islands (St. John & Smith 1971) Most recent flora Contribution a la Connaissance de la Vegetation et de la Flore de Wallis et Futuna (Morat & Veillon 1985); Guide des Plants de Wallis et Futuna (Meyer 2018)
more species list checklist	American Samoa (Tutuila, Manua Isl. [Ofu, Olosega, Ta'u])	ASA	197	++	733	517	18
733 All Species 517 Indigenous Species 517 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 18 Endemic Species 18 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 151 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 55 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 232 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic) 216 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Samoa (Whistler 2022); Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); A study of the rare plants of American Samoa (Whistler 1998); Vegetation of Eastern Samoa (Whistler 1980); Plants of the Manua Islands (Yuncker 1945); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist	[Western] Samoa ('Upolu, Savai'i, Aleipata Isl., Manono Isl. etc.)	SAM	2.831	++	1043	766	154
1043 All Species 766 Indigenous Species 766 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 154 Endemic Species 154 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 14.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 231 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 18 endemic) 25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic) 66 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 92 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 352 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 112 endemic) 277 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Samoa (Whistler 2022); Flowering Plants of Samoa (Christopherson 1935/1938); Vegetation and Flora of the Aleipata Islands, Western Samoa (Whistler 1983); The Rare Plants of Samoa (Whistler 2011) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes A revision of the Pteridophyta of Samoa (Christensen 1943) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of Samoa (Cribb & Whistler 1996)
more species list checklist	Tuvalu (Ellice Isl.)	TUV	26	+	163	56	0
163 All Species 56 Indigenous Species 56 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 36 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 107 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The Flora of Tuvalu (Thaman 2016); Vegetation and Flora of Nui Atoll, Tuvalu (Woodroffe 1985)
more species list checklist	Tokelau Isl. (incl. Swains Isl.)	TOK	14	+	106	53	0
106 All Species 53 Indigenous Species 53 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 28 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 53 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The vegetation of the Tokelau Islands with special reference to the plants of Nukunonu Atoll (Parham 1971); The Flora and Vegetation of Swains Island (Whistler 1983)
more species list checklist	Phoenix Islands (Kiribati p. p.)	PHX	42	+	82	37	0
82 All Species 37 Indigenous Species 37 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 45 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of the Phoenix Islands, Central Pacific (Fosberg & Stoddart 1994)
more species list checklist	Gilbert Islands (Kiribati p. p.)	GIL	311	+	213	90	0
213 All Species 90 Indigenous Species 90 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 26 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 57 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 123 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of the Gilbert Islands, Kiribati, checklist (Fosberg & Sachet 1987); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg) Most recent flora Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992)
more species list checklist	Banaba (Ocean Isl., Kiribati p. p.)	OCE	6	+	71	29	0
71 All Species 29 Indigenous Species 29 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 14 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Vascular Plants, Vegetation and Ethnobotany of Banaba (Ocean Islands) (Thaman & Samuelu 2016)
more species list checklist	Nauru	NRU	21	++	128	48	0
128 All Species 48 Indigenous Species 48 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 11 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 33 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Vegetation of Nauru and the Gilbert Islands (Thaman 1992); The Flora of Nauru (Thaman et al. 1994)
more species list checklist	Pacific Equatorial Sporades (incl. Howland Isl., Baker Isl.)	HBI	5	o	1	1	0
1 All Species 1 Indigenous Species 1 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic)
SOUTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (61)
more species list checklist	Line Isl. (Kiribati p. p., incl. Christmas Isl. = Kiritimati)	LIN	757	+	183	57	1
183 All Species 57 Indigenous Species 57 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 37 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 126 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular plants of the northern Line Islands (Wester 1985) Most recent flora Notes on the vascular flora and terrestrial vertebrates of Caroline Atoll, Southern Line Islands (Clapp & Sibley 1971); Vegetation History of Washington Island (Teraina), Northern Line Islands (Wester et al. 1992); Plants of Christmas Island (Chock & Hamilton 1962); Flora of Kiritimati (Christmas) Atoll, Northern Line Islands (Thaman & Tye 2015)
more species list checklist	Cook Isl. (incl. Rarotonga)	COO	230	++	861	331	29
861 All Species 331 Indigenous Species 331 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 29 Endemic Species 29 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 105 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 48 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 14 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 153 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 18 endemic) 530 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of the Cook Islands (Sykes 2016) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Orchids of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Isl. (Cribb & Whistler 2011)
more species list checklist	Marquesas Isl.	MRQ	1.020	++	569	343	163
569 All Species 343 Indigenous Species 343 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 163 Endemic Species 163 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 28.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 103 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 28 endemic) 11 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 7 endemic) 42 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 183 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 112 endemic) 226 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist http://botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/marquesasflora/ Most recent flora Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019/2020, complete in 2 vols.); Guide floristique - Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou (Butaud 2014); Guide floristique - Niva Oa, Tahuata, Fatuiva (Butaud 2014) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1 Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of the Marquesas (Lorence & Wagner 2019), vol. 1
more species list checklist	Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Huahine, Bora Bora, Makatea, etc.)	SCI	1.628	++	1249	647	238
1249 All Species 647 Indigenous Species 646 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 238 Endemic Species 238 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 204 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 51 endemic) 20 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 8 endemic) 61 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 9 endemic) 35 Indigenous Orchids (of them 13 endemic) 327 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 157 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 602 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998); Botanique de l'ile de Tupai (Sachet 1983); Flora of Makatea (Wilder 1934); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Partial Flora of the Society Islands: Ericaceae to Apocynaceae (Grant & Fosberg 1974) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophytes of Society Islands (Copeland 1931) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Societensis (Welsh 1998)
more species list checklist	Gambier Isl. (incl. Mangareva Isl.)	GBI	450	+	93	51	7
93 All Species 51 Indigenous Species 51 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7 Endemic Species 7 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 34 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic) 42 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Census of the flora of the Gambier Islands, Polynesia (St. John 1988) Most recent flora La vegetation des iles Gambier (Huguenin 1974); Chock & Hamilton (1962); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Gambier - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1932) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist	Tuamotu Arch. (excl. Gambier Isl.)	TUA	450	+	313	133	9
313 All Species 133 Indigenous Species 133 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9 Endemic Species 9 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 92 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic) 180 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flora of Maupiti (Fosberg & Sachet 19??); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Atolls soulevés des Tuamotu (Polynésie francaise) Butaud & Jacq 2009); Tuamotu de l'ouest - Guide floristique (Butaud 2013); Tuamotu du centre - Guide floristique (Butaud 2010); Tuamotu de l'est - Guide Floristique (Butaud 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist	Austral Isl. (Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae, Rapa Iti)	AUI	148	+	605	357	102
605 All Species 357 Indigenous Species 357 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 102 Endemic Species 102 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 99 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 24 endemic) 9 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 52 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 187 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 73 endemic) 248 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Les Orchidees du Tubuai, suives d'un catalogue des plantes a fleurs et fougeres des Iles Australes (Hallé 1980) Most recent flora Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete); Guide floristique - Rimatara, Rurutu, Tubuai, Raivavae (Australes) (Butaud 2014); Rapa, iles australis - Guide floristique (Meyer 2011); Terrestrial biodiversity of the Austral Islands (Meyer & Claridge 2014) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Les orchidees de Tubuai (Hallé 1980); Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist	Pitcairn Isl. (incl. Oeno Atoll)	PIT	6	+	167	87	10
167 All Species 87 Indigenous Species 87 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 10 Endemic Species 10 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 27 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 51 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 7 endemic) 80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987); List of the flora of Oeno Atoll (St. John & Philipson 1960) Most recent flora Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Flore de la Polynesie Francaise (Florence 1997, 2004, incomplete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The pteridophyte flora of Pitcairn Island (Brownlie 1961); Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931)
more species list checklist	Henderson Isl. (incl. Ducie Atoll)	HEN	37	++	67	64	4
67 All Species 64 Indigenous Species 64 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 11 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 6 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 44 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 3 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An account of the flora of Pitcairn Island (St. John 1987) Most recent flora Henderson Island (Southeast Polynesia): Summary of current knowledge (Fosberg et al. 1983); Flora of Southestern Polynesia (E. D. & F. B. H. Brown 1930-1931, 3 vols.); Ducie Atoll (Rehder & Rantall 1975) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of Southestern Polynesia, II. Pteridophytes (Brown & Brown 1931) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Southeastern Polynesia, I. Monocotyledons (F. B. H. Brown 1931)
more species list checklist	Easter Island (Rapa Nui)	EAS	180	+	171	44	8
171 All Species 44 Indigenous Species 44 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 8 Endemic Species 8 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 16 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 12 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 16 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 127 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018) Most recent flora Flowering Plants of Easter Island (Zizka 1991); Plantas de Rapa Nui. Guia Ilustrada (Dubois 2013)
NORTH WEST PACIFIC (62)
more species list checklist	Minami-Torishima (Marcus Isl.)	MCU	2	-	22	10	0
22 All Species 10 Indigenous Species 10 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora An Ecological Perspective of Marcus Island (Sakagami 1961)
more species list checklist	Palau Isl. (Republic of Palau, Western Carolines)	PLU	516	o	1095	701	140
1095 All Species 701 Indigenous Species 701 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 140 Endemic Species 140 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 123 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 15 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic) 163 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 12 endemic) 64 Indigenous Orchids (of them 27 endemic) 334 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 84 endemic) 394 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vascular Plants of Palau with vernacular names (Fosberg et al. 1980); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg) Most recent flora Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993)
more species list checklist	Northern Marianas	MRN	464	+	675	345	24
675 All Species 345 Indigenous Species 345 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 24 Endemic Species 24 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 73 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 24 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 181 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic) 330 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Vascular flora of the northern Mariana Islands (Fosberg et al. 1975-1980) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist	Guam	GUM	540	+	1031	397	12
1031 All Species 397 Indigenous Species 397 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12 Endemic Species 12 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 105 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 29 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 194 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic) 634 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg) Most recent flora The Flora of Guam (Stone 1970) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Ferns and Orchids of the Mariana Islands (Raulerson & Rinehart 1992)
more species list checklist	Federal States of Micronesia (Central and Eastern Carolines: Truk, Yap, Pohnpei, Kosrae)	MIC	702	+	1198	670	131
1198 All Species 670 Indigenous Species 670 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 131 Endemic Species 131 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 10.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 141 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 13 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 4 endemic) 133 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic) 66 Indigenous Orchids (of them 27 endemic) 315 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 75 endemic) 528 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Pohnpei (Herrera et al. 2010); Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg); The Endemic Plants of Micronesia: A Geographical Checklist and Commentary (Costion & Laurence 2012) Most recent flora Flora of Micronesia (Fosberg & Sachet, 5 vols. published, 1975-1993); Flora of Ponape (Glassmann 1952); Trees of Yap. A Field Guide (Cushing Falanruw 2016)
more species list checklist	Marshall Isl.	MRS	174	o	457	108	0
457 All Species 108 Indigenous Species 108 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 30 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 74 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 349 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg) Most recent flora Vascular Plants recorded from Jaluit Atoll (Fosberg & Sachet 1962); A review of the natural history of the Marshall Islands (Fosberg 1990); Vegetation of Bikini Atoll (Fosberg 1988); The Vascular Plants of Majuro Atoll (van der Velde 2003); Flora of Rongelap and Ailinginae Atolls (Releford 2009)
more species list checklist	Wake Isl.	WAK	8	o	111	33	1
111 All Species 33 Indigenous Species 33 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 24 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae (Fosberg et al. 1982); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian monocotyledonae (Fosberg); A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae (Fosberg) Most recent flora Vegetation and flora of Wake Island (Fosberg 1959); Wake Island vegetation and flora, 1961-1963 (Fosberg & Sachet 1969)
NORTH CENTRAL PACIFIC (63)
more species list checklist	Hawaii (incl. Johnston Atoll, Midway Isl.)	HAW	16.729	++	2422	1246	1106
2422 All Species 1246 Indigenous Species 1245 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1106 Endemic Species 1106 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 45.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 173 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 129 endemic) 27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 24 endemic) 146 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 106 endemic) 3 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 897 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 844 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 1176 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Hawaiian Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada, ed., 2012); Hawaiian Naturalized Vascular Plants Checklist (Imada et al., 2019) Most recent flora Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i (2., rev. ed., 2 vols., Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer 2000); Hawaiian Vascular Plant Updates (Wagner et al. 2012); Common Plants of Midway Atoll (Holthuijzen 2017); Botanical Survey of Midway Atoll (Starr & Starr 2008) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns of Hawai’i (Valier 1995)
NORTH AMERICA (7)
ARCTIC NORTH AMERICA (70)
more species list checklist	Alaska (incl. Aleutes)	ASK	1.530.000	++	1572	1368	39
1572 All Species 1368 Indigenous Species 1365 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 39 Endemic Species 39 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 84 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 13 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 367 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 30 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 869 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 35 endemic) 3 Microspecies (of them endemic) 204 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov) Most recent flora Flora of Alaska and neighboring territories (Hulten 1968); Flora of the Aleutian Islands (Hulten 1960); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 19 of 26 volumes published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist	Greenland	GNL	2.175.600	++	544	443	13
544 All Species 443 Indigenous Species 438 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 13 Endemic Species 12 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 151 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 244 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic) 5 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 101 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the vascular plants of Greenland (2nd ed., Holmen 1968); A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980) Most recent flora The Flora of Greenland (2nd ed., Böcher et al. 1968); The flowering plants of Greenland (Jorgensen et al. 1958) [see also Flora of North America] Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
CANADA (70-72)
more species list checklist	Canada	CDN	9.970.610	++	5091	3973	98
5091 All Species 3973 Indigenous Species 3958 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 98 Endemic Species 98 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 180 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 36 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 22 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 995 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 13 endemic) 72 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2668 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 79 endemic) 15 Microspecies (of them endemic) 1118 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov) Most recent flora The flora of Canada (Scoggan 1978, 1979, 4 vols.); Flora of North America (1993 ff., 20 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Les fougeres et les plantes alliees du Canada (Cody & Britton 1989); Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist	St. Pierre & Miquelon	SPM	242	++	525	413	1
525 All Species 413 Indigenous Species 411 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 154 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 202 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 2 Microspecies (of them endemic) 112 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Atlas of the vascular plants of the island of Newfoundland and of the island of St. Pierre et Miquelon (Rouleau & Lamoureux 1992) Most recent flora Les plantes vasculaires des iles Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (LeGallo 1954) [see also Flora of North America and some Canadian regional floras] Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
USA (73-78)
more species list checklist	USA (Lower 48 States)	USA	8.262.426	++	19211	15860	5444
19211 All Species 15860 Indigenous Species 15707 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5444 Endemic Species 5372 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 28 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 450 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 41 endemic) 111 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 28 endemic) 98 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 36 endemic) 2809 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 640 endemic) 200 Indigenous Orchids (of them 25 endemic) 12192 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4674 endemic) 153 Microspecies (of them 72 endemic) 3351 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of The United States, Canada and Greenland (Kartesz & Kartesz 1980); BONAP North American Distribution Atlas (www.bonap.org); PLANTS database (plants.usda.gov) Most recent flora Flora of North America (1993 - 2023, 22 of 26 volumes published). Many regional and state floras not listed here (a majority of the states has recent floras - see subpage "Literature"). Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of North America, North of Mexico, Vol. 2 (1993); A Field Manual of the Ferns and Fern-Allies of the United States and Canada (Lellinger 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of North America, Vol. 26: Orchidaceae (Romero-Gonzales et al. 2002); The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (Luer 1975); Wild Orchids of North America north of Mexico (Brown 2003)
more species list checklist	Bermuda	BER	53	+	215	136	14
215 All Species 136 Indigenous Species 136 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 14 Endemic Species 14 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 18 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 77 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 79 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Bermuda (Britton 1918, very outdated)
MEXICO (79)
more species list checklist	Mexico	MEX	1.964.382	+	25422	24356	12879
25422 All Species 24356 Indigenous Species 24349 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12879 Endemic Species 12877 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 50.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1055 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 206 endemic) 173 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 113 endemic) 662 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 353 endemic) 3495 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1649 endemic) 1339 Indigenous Orchids (of them 595 endemic) 17632 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 9963 endemic) 7 Microspecies (of them 2 endemic) 1066 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico (Villasenor 2016); numerous state checklists (Listados Floristicos de Mexico) Most recent flora Numerous regional floras, especially: Flora de Aguascalientes (1982 ff., few volumes published), Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Flora of Chiapas (1981 ff., 6 vols. published); Flora of Bajío y de regiones adyacentes (Rzedowski et al., 1991 ff., 236 vols. published); Flora de Guerrero (1989 ff., 95 vols. published); Flora de Jalisco y areas colindantes (27 vols. published), Flora Novo-Galiciana (McVaugh et al., 1974 ff., 9 vols. published); Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán (1993 ff., 181 vols. published); Flora de Veracruz (1978 ff., 193 vols. published); Flora Mesoamericana (southern Mexico only, 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004); Flora Novo-Galiciana, Volume 17 (McVaugh 1992); Pteridophytes. Flora of Chiapas, part 2 (Smith 1981); Flora of Baja California (Wiggins 1980); Pteridophyte flora of Oaxaca, Mexico (Mickel & Beitel 1988); Ferns and fern allies of Chihuahua, Mexico (Knobloch & Correll 1962); Listados floristicos de Mexico. IX. Flora de Durango (Elizondo et al. 1991); Flora de Mexico, Volume 6, parts 1-3: Pteridophyta (1993-1995) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988); Icones Orchidacearum (Mexico), Fasc. 1-6 (Hagsater & Salazar 1990-2003)
more species list checklist	Isla Guadalupe	GLP	244	++	201	152	26
201 All Species 152 Indigenous Species 152 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 26 Endemic Species 26 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 15 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 125 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 23 endemic) 49 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The Flora of Guadalupe Island, Mexico (Moran 1996) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Listado Actualizado de las Orquideas de Mexico (Soto Arenas 1988)
more species list checklist	Revillagigedo Isl. (incl. Socorro Isl.)	RGI	157	+	187	153	29
187 All Species 153 Indigenous Species 153 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 29 Endemic Species 29 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 15.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 17 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 24 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 104 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 20 endemic) 34 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora The vascular flora of Isla Socorro, Mexico (Lewin & Moran 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophytes of Mexico (Mickel & Smith 2004)
TROPICAL AMERICA (8)
CENTRAL AMERICA (80)
more species list checklist	Guatemala	GUA	108.889	o	8235	7930	682
8235 All Species 7930 Indigenous Species 7927 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 682 Endemic Species 682 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 736 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 29 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 333 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 84 endemic) 1205 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 68 endemic) 956 Indigenous Orchids (of them 197 endemic) 4671 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 327 endemic) 3 Microspecies (of them endemic) 305 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora of Guatemala (Standley, ed., 1958-1977, outdated) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Ferns and fern allies of Guatemala, pt. 1-3 (Stolze 1976-83) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Guatemala: A revised annotated checklist (Dix & Dix 2000); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Guatemala y sus orquídeas (Behar & Tinschert 1998)
more species list checklist	Belize	BLZ	22.965	+	3676	3423	71
3676 All Species 3423 Indigenous Species 3422 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 71 Endemic Species 71 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 278 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 9 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 145 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic) 626 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic) 291 Indigenous Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 2074 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 41 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 253 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick et al. 2000) Most recent flora Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Belize (Balick, Nee & Atha 2000); Native Orchids of Belize (McLeish, Pearce & Adams 1995); Orchids of Guatemala and Belize (Ames & Correll 1985); Lista Comentada de las orquideas de Belice (Catling & Catling 1988)
more species list checklist	El Salvador	ELS	21.041	o	3137	2892	38
3137 All Species 2892 Indigenous Species 2892 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 38 Endemic Species 38 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 378 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 94 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 536 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 400 Indigenous Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 1472 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 25 endemic) 245 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); An Annotated Checklist of the Monilophytes (Ferns) and Lycophytes of El Salvador (Monterrosa & Monro 2008); Una guia taxonomica para helechos de El Salvador (Seiler 1980); Listado de la flora Salvadorensis / Pteridophyta (Pfeiffer-Berendsohn 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Las Orquideas de El Salvador (Hamer 1974-1981)
more species list checklist	Honduras	HON	112.492	+	7610	6661	241
7610 All Species 6661 Indigenous Species 6661 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 241 Endemic Species 241 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 665 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 25 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic) 298 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 61 endemic) 1119 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 27 endemic) 611 Indigenous Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 3943 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 133 endemic) 949 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de Honduras, espermatofitas (Nelson Sutherland et al. 2008) Most recent flora Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns and Lycophytes of Honduras: A new annotated checklist (J. D. Reyes et al. 2021); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Hondurensis Plantarum Vascularium Catalogus. Pteridophyta (Sutherland et al. 1996) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft)
more species list checklist	Nicaragua	NIC	129.494	++	6338	5888	83
6338 All Species 5888 Indigenous Species 5887 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 83 Endemic Species 83 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 613 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 11 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 220 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic) 1018 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 629 Indigenous Orchids (of them 10 endemic) 3397 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 61 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 450 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora of Nicaragua (Stevens et al., eds.) (2001-2009, 4 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 4 (Helechos) (Gomez & Arbelaez 2009) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Orchids of Nicaragua, Pt. 1-6 (Hamer 1982-1985); Orchidaceae (Hamer). - In: Flora of Nicaragua, Vol. 2 (Stevens, ed., 2001)
more species list checklist	Costa Rica (except Isla del Coco)	COS	51.060	++	11157	10521	1913
11157 All Species 10521 Indigenous Species 10520 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1913 Endemic Species 1913 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 17.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1172 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 115 endemic) 10 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 795 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 340 endemic) 1613 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 232 endemic) 1596 Indigenous Orchids (of them 530 endemic) 5335 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 693 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 636 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts); Flora Costaricensis (Burger, ed., 1971, 10 vols. published, outdated) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora Costaricensis, Family 39, part V (Maxillarieae and Oncidinae) (Atwood & de Retana 1999); Lista actualizada de las orquideas de Costa Rica (Mora-Retana & Garcia 1992); Catalogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica (Pupulin 2002); Orchidaceae (Dressler et al.) - In: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica, Vol. III (Hammel et al., ed., 2003)
more species list checklist	Isla del Coco (Cocos Isl.)	COC	40	++	174	160	41
174 All Species 160 Indigenous Species 160 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 41 Endemic Species 41 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 23.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 57 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic) 4 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 27 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 66 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 14 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Preliminary List of Plants from Cocos Island (Fosberg & Klawe 1966) Most recent flora Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al., 2003-2020, 8 vols., complete); Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 6 of ca. 10 volumes published, plus numerous drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); The ferns and fern-allies of Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Gomez 1975) [= Contribuciones a la pteridologia costarricense. VII. Pteridofita de la Isla de Cocos]
more species list checklist	Panama	PAN	75.517	+	10344	9919	1726
10344 All Species 9919 Indigenous Species 9918 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1726 Endemic Species 1726 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 16.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 969 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 44 endemic) 21 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 11 endemic) 650 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 158 endemic) 1797 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 474 endemic) 1387 Indigenous Orchids (of them 342 endemic) 5095 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 697 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 425 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Flora of Panama, vol. 1: The introduction and checklist (d'Arcy 1987) Most recent flora Flora of Panama (d'Arcy 1943-1980, 9 parts in 21 vols. published, incomplete), Flora Mesoamericana (1994 ff., 13 vols. published and the remaining families available in drafts) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 1 (1995); Ferns and allied plants, with special reference to tropical America (Tryon & Tryon 1982); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids An updated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Panama (Bogarin et al. 2014); Flora Mesoamericana, Vol. 7 (draft); Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Dressler 1993); Flora of Panama: Checklist and index (D'Arcy 1987); Checklist of the Orchids of Panama (Dressler 1980)
more species list checklist	Clipperton Isl.	CLI	30	+	32	13	0
32 All Species 13 Indigenous Species 13 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 19 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Flora and vegetation of Clipperton Island (Sachet 1962); Flora and Vegetation of Clipperton (La Passion) Atoll (Jost et al. 2019)
more species list checklist	Isla Malpelo	MAL	1	++		0
All Species 0 Indigenous Species 0 Indigenous Species except Microspecies Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) Most recent flora Flora terreste de la isla Malpelo (Colombia) (Gonzalez-Roman et al. 2014); The biological investigation of Malpelo Island (Graham 1975)
CARIBBEAN (81)
more species list checklist	Bahamas	BAH	13.939	++	1337	1067	58
1337 All Species 1067 Indigenous Species 1066 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 58 Endemic Species 58 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 42 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 221 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 11 endemic) 53 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 732 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 42 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 270 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982); Endemic Seed Plants in the Bahamian Archipelago (Freid et al. 2014); Vascular flora of Andros Island, Bahamas (Nickrent et al. 2008) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae (Sauleda & Adams). - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982)
more species list checklist	Turks & Caicos Isl.	TCI	430	++	416	364	7
416 All Species 364 Indigenous Species 364 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7 Endemic Species 7 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 80 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 268 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 6 endemic) 52 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Bahamian Archipelago (Correll & Correll 1982) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of the Bahama Archipelago (Sauleda & Adams 197
more species list checklist	Cuba	CUB	114.525	+(+)	6926	6055	2891
6926 All Species 6055 Indigenous Species 6055 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2891 Endemic Species 2891 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 41.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 559 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 88 endemic) 12 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 8 endemic) 167 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 80 endemic) 928 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 245 endemic) 319 Indigenous Orchids (of them 105 endemic) 4070 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2365 endemic) 871 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Base de datos de especímenes de la flora de Cuba : con mapas de distribución, Versión 4.0 - 2008 Most recent flora Flora de la Republica de Cuba (1998 ff., 27 vols. published); Flora de Cuba (Leon & Alain 1946-1962, outdated) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Lista de los helechos y licofitos de Cuba (Sanchez 2017) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Las orquideas nativas de Cuba (Diaz 1988); Iconografia de orquídeas Cubanas (Marquez & Bocourt Vigli 1997); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist	Cayman Isl.	CAY	262	++	711	548	23
711 All Species 548 Indigenous Species 548 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 23 Endemic Species 23 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 3.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 101 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 28 Indigenous Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 384 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 17 endemic) 163 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Cayman Islands (Proctor 1984); Orquideas de las Islas Cayman (Adams 1971)
more species list checklist	Jamaica	JAM	10.991	++	3736	3022	815
3736 All Species 3022 Indigenous Species 3022 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 815 Endemic Species 815 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 21.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 563 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 66 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 95 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 31 endemic) 455 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 39 endemic) 209 Indigenous Orchids (of them 55 endemic) 1696 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 622 endemic) 714 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flowering plants of Jamaica (Adams 1972); Flora of Jamaica (Warner 2007) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns of Jamaica (Proctor 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchids of Jamaica (Gloudon & Tobisch 1995); A Checklist of the Orchids of Jamaica (Adams 1966); Orchidaceae (Adams, Proctor & Read). In: Flowering Plants of Jamaica (1972); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist	Hispaniola (Dominican Republic & Haiti)	HIS	76.200	+(+)	5953	4986	1921
5953 All Species 4986 Indigenous Species 4986 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1921 Endemic Species 1921 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 32.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 632 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 67 endemic) 6 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 176 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 82 endemic) 618 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 71 endemic) 357 Indigenous Orchids (of them 160 endemic) 3197 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1538 endemic) 967 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of Hispaniola (Liogier, ed.) (1981 ff., 9 vols. published, mostly complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist	Navassa Isl.	NAV	5	+	139	106	3
139 All Species 106 Indigenous Species 106 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 5 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 20 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 81 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 33 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Navassa Island and its flora. 2. Checklist of the vascular plants (Zanoni & Buck 1999)
more species list checklist	Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Desecheo Isl., Culebra Isl., Vieques Isl.)	PUE	8.959	+(+)	3312	2359	249
3312 All Species 2359 Indigenous Species 2358 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 249 Endemic Species 249 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 370 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic) 4 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 87 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic) 415 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic) 139 Indigenous Orchids (of them 16 endemic) 1344 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 188 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 953 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Liogier (1982) Most recent flora Flora of Puerto Rico (Liogier, ed., 1985-1997, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); The Orchids of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman & Del Mayda 1995); An orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackerman 1995); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014)
more species list checklist	U.S. Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. Thomas, St. John), British Virgin Islands (Anegada, Virgin Gorda, Tortola, Jost Van Dyke Isl., Peter Isl., Salt Isl.)	VIR	495	+	1583	1070	22
1583 All Species 1070 Indigenous Species 1069 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 22 Endemic Species 22 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 61 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 38 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 193 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 33 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 745 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 513 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012); Annotated checklist of the dicotyledons of Tortola (d'Arcy 1967)); An Environmental Profile of the Island of Tortola, Addendum I, Preliminary List of Species (Lindsay 2015); Monocotyledons ang Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong 2005) Most recent flora Flora of Virgin Gorda (Little et al. 1971); The flora of the American Virgin Islands (Britton 1918); Flora of St. John (Proctor in Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. 1996); The island of Anegada and its flora (D'Arcy 1971) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Ferns of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Proctor 1989) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); An Orchid Flora of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (Ackermann 1995)
more species list checklist	Anguilla	AGU	70	++	338	260	2
338 All Species 260 Indigenous Species 260 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 44 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 212 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 78 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); A Guide to Common Plants of Anguilla (Walker 2005) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	St. Maarten (St. Martin)	STM	86	++	514	409	2
514 All Species 409 Indigenous Species 409 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 15 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 64 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 315 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 105 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	St. Barthelemy (St. Barts)	SBA	21	++	444	349	0
444 All Species 349 Indigenous Species 349 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 19 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 308 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 95 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora The flora of the island of St. Bartholomew and its origin (Questel 1941); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	Saba	SAB	13	++	558	427	1
558 All Species 427 Indigenous Species 427 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 59 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 18 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 60 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 10 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 280 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 131 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	St. Eustatius	STE	21	++	453	353	1
453 All Species 353 Indigenous Species 353 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 32 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 37 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 12 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 256 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 100 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	St. Kitts & Nevis	STK	269	++	818	666	3
818 All Species 666 Indigenous Species 666 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 134 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 3 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 103 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 25 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 378 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 152 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977); A revised list of pteridophytes from St. Kitts (Proctor 1962) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	Antigua and Barbuda (incl. Redonda Isl.)	ABA	441	++	979	766	1
979 All Species 766 Indigenous Species 766 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 34 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 30 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 131 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 19 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 551 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 213 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	Montserrat	MTS	102	++	909	712	4
909 All Species 712 Indigenous Species 712 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 121 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 35 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 79 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 18 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 458 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 197 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	Guadeloupe (incl. Marie Galante, La Désirade, Les Saintes)	GDL	1.600	++	2063	1642	27
2063 All Species 1642 Indigenous Species 1642 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 27 Endemic Species 27 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 294 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 5 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 64 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 3 endemic) 265 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 106 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 912 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 421 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae (Fournet). - In: Flore illustrée des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (1978); Atlas des Orchidées sauvages de Gouadeloupe (Feldmann & Barré 2001)
more species list checklist	Dominica	DOM	750	++	1458	1203	15
1458 All Species 1203 Indigenous Species 1202 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15 Endemic Species 15 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 202 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 45 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 175 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 87 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 693 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 11 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 255 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of Dominica (Hodge 1954, Nicolson 1991); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Flora of Dominica, Pt. 1 (Orchidaceae) (Hodge 1954)
more species list checklist	Martinique	MAR	1.102	++	1914	1484	30
1914 All Species 1484 Indigenous Species 1484 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 30 Endemic Species 30 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 227 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 58 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 240 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 6 endemic) 85 Indigenous Orchids (of them 4 endemic) 873 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 19 endemic) 430 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique (Fournet 1978); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	St. Lucia	STL	616	++	1448	1131	9
1448 All Species 1131 Indigenous Species 1131 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 9 Endemic Species 9 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 120 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 47 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 186 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 55 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 721 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 8 endemic) 317 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	St. Vincent and the Grenadines	STV	389	++	1361	1110	15
1361 All Species 1110 Indigenous Species 1110 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 15 Endemic Species 15 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 168 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 48 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 128 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 57 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 709 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 13 endemic) 251 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974)
more species list checklist	Grenada	GRE	344	++	1102	925	4
1102 All Species 925 Indigenous Species 925 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 154 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 132 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 67 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 545 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 177 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); The Orchids of the Islands of Grenada, British West Indies (Schultes 1956, in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 25)
more species list checklist	Barbados	BBD	430	++	859	583	7
859 All Species 583 Indigenous Species 583 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7 Endemic Species 7 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 30 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 19 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 103 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 8 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 422 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 3 endemic) 276 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodriguez & Strong (eds.) 2012) Most recent flora Flora of Barbados (Gooding et al., 1965); Flora of the Lesser Antilles (Howard, ed., 6 vols., 1974-1989, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 2: Pteridophyta (Proctor 1977) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae Antillanae (Nir 2000); Orchid Flora of the Greater Antilles (Ackerman 2014); Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Vol. 1 (Garay & Sweet 1974); Orchidaceae. - In: Flora of Barbados (Gooding, Loveless & Proctor 1965)
more species list checklist	Trinidad & Tobago	TRT	5.048	+	3489	2359	86
3489 All Species 2359 Indigenous Species 2358 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 86 Endemic Species 86 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 294 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 6 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 79 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 6 endemic) 465 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 15 endemic) 185 Indigenous Orchids (of them 7 endemic) 1334 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 51 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 1130 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Trinidad and Tobago (Baksh-Comeau et al. 2016) Most recent flora Flora of Trinidad & Tobago - Williams, R. O. et al. (1928-1979, mostly complete, plus additional volumes until 1992) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Checklist of the pteridophytes of Trinidad & Tobago (Baksh-Comeau 2000) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Native Orchids of Trinidad and Tobago (Schultes 1960)
more species list checklist	Aruba	ARU	179	+	335	273	3
335 All Species 273 Indigenous Species 273 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 212 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 62 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist	Bonaire	BON	288	+	370	302	3
370 All Species 302 Indigenous Species 302 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 3 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 3 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 66 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 228 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 68 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist	Curacao	CUR	444	+	517	431	5
517 All Species 431 Indigenous Species 431 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5 Endemic Species 5 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 97 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 3 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 317 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 86 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Zakflora (Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Curacao, Aruba en Bonaire) (2. ed.) (Arnoldo 1964); Flora of the Netherlands Antilles (Stoffers, ed., 8 vols., 1962-1984) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophyta, in: Flora of the Netherlands Antilles, Vol. 1 (Kramer 1962)
more species list checklist	San Andres y Providencia	SWC	43	o	303	297	0
303 All Species 297 Indigenous Species 297 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 0 endemic) 58 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 223 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 6 Neophytes or Culture Escapes
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA (82)
more species list checklist	Colombia	CLM	1.141.748	+	26074	24997	7994
26074 All Species 24997 Indigenous Species 24996 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7994 Endemic Species 7994 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1752 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 197 endemic) 37 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 16 endemic) 1463 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 454 endemic) 3684 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1014 endemic) 4475 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2305 endemic) 13586 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4008 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 1077 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia (Bernal, Gradstein & Celis, eds., 2015) Most recent flora Flora de Colombia (1983 ff., 32 vols. published, very incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The Ferns and Fern allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Choco. Part 1 (Lellinger 1989); Helechos y plantas afines de Colombia (Murillo-Pulido 1990); Flora de Colombia, Vol. 9: Pteridophyta 1 (Murillo-Pulido 1988) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia (Szlachetko et al., 2017 ff., 3 volumes published); Native Colombian Orchids, Vol. 1-6 (Escobar 1990-98); Orquideas de Colombia (Ortiz 1995) [contains checklist]; Lista de especies de Orquídeas registradas para Colombia: Adiciones y correcciones (Ortiz 2000, in Orquideologia 21)
more species list checklist	Venezuela (incl. Isla Margarita)	VEN	912.050	+	16633	16006	3800
16633 All Species 16006 Indigenous Species 16005 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3800 Endemic Species 3800 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 22.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1267 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 139 endemic) 28 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 744 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 202 endemic) 2653 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 645 endemic) 1536 Indigenous Orchids (of them 289 endemic) 9778 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2523 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 627 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Nuevo Catalogo de la flora vascular de Venezuela (Hokche, Berry & Huber, eds., 2008) Most recent flora Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of Venezuela (Lasser et al., eds., 1968-1989, 24 parts published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora de Venezuela, Vol. 1 + 2 (Helechos) (Vareschi 1968-69); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 2 (1995) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Venezuelan orchids illustrated (Dunsterville & Garay 1959-1976, 6 vols.) (reprint as Orchids of Venezuela - An Illustrated Field Guide, 1979, 2nd ed. as Illustrated Field Guide of Orchids of Venezuela, Romero & Carnevali 2000, 3 Vols.); Flora de Venezuela, Vol. XV, pt. 1-5 (Foldats 1969-70); Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana, Vol. 7 (2003)
more species list checklist	Guyana (British Guyana)	GUY	214.969	+	6471	6220	462
6471 All Species 6220 Indigenous Species 6220 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 462 Endemic Species 462 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 542 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 27 endemic) 5 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 295 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 25 endemic) 1048 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 61 endemic) 568 Indigenous Orchids (of them 34 endemic) 3762 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 315 endemic) 251 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997) Most recent flora Flora of the Venezuelan Guyana (Steyermark et al., eds., 9 vols., complete); Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist	Surinam	SUR	163.265	+	4677	4451	131
4677 All Species 4451 Indigenous Species 4451 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 131 Endemic Species 131 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 2.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 328 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 2 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 238 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 9 endemic) 823 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 22 endemic) 395 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 2665 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 88 endemic) 226 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997) Most recent flora Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The Pteridophytes of Suriname (Kramer 1978) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Orchideeen van Suriname (Werkhoven 1986)
more species list checklist	French Guiana	FRG	83.534	+	5114	4908	350
5114 All Species 4908 Indigenous Species 4908 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 350 Endemic Species 350 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 6.8 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 341 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 11 endemic) 3 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 289 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 30 endemic) 801 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 47 endemic) 445 Indigenous Orchids (of them 59 endemic) 3029 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 203 endemic) 206 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997) Most recent flora Flora of the Guianas / ed. by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn (1985 ff., 34 vols. published, incomplete); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana (Mori 1997, 2 vols.); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchids of the Guianas, Vol. 1 (Szlachetko et al. 2017); Orchidaceae (Christenson & Boggan). - In: Checklist of the Plants of the Guianas (2nd Edition) (Boggan et al. 1997); Guide to the Vascular Plants of Central French Guiana: Orchidaceae (Christensen in Mori et al. 1997)
more species list checklist	Ecuador	ECU	272.045	+(+)	19289	18613	5895
19289 All Species 18613 Indigenous Species 18610 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 5895 Endemic Species 5894 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30.6 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1527 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 194 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 1002 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 262 endemic) 2632 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 841 endemic) 4351 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2320 endemic) 9086 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2277 endemic) 3 Microspecies (of them 1 endemic) 676 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999); Supplements by Ulloa Ulloa & Neill (2005); Neill & Ulloa Ulloa (2011) Most recent flora Flora of Ecuador (1973 ff., 97 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 9 (Garay 1979); Native Ecuadorian orchids (Dodson & Escobar 1994, Dodson 2001); Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 76: Orchidaceae. Genera Aa - Cyrtidiorchis.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2009): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 84: Orchidaceae. Masdevallia and Affiliates.; Calaway H. Dodson & Carlyle A. Luer (2010): Flora of Ecuador, Vol. 87: Orchidaceae. Genera Cyrtochiloides - Epibator.
more species list checklist	Galapagos Isl.	GAL	7.844	+(+)	787	654	180
787 All Species 654 Indigenous Species 654 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 180 Endemic Species 180 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 22.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 117 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 12 endemic) 7 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 99 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 14 endemic) 15 Indigenous Orchids (of them 5 endemic) 416 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 148 endemic) 133 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador (Moeller-Jorgensen ed., 1999) Most recent flora Flora of the Galapagos Islands (Wiggins & Porter 1971); Flowering Plants of the Galapagos (McMullen 1999, Field Guide) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The orchids of the Galapagos Islands (Luer 1972)
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA (83)
more species list checklist	Peru	PER	1.280.000	+	20981	20400	7447
20981 All Species 20400 Indigenous Species 20398 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 7447 Endemic Species 7447 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 35.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1299 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 143 endemic) 17 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 1463 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 760 endemic) 2661 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 892 endemic) 2497 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1146 endemic) 12463 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 4504 endemic) 2 Microspecies (of them endemic) 581 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru (Brako & Zarucchi 1993) Most recent flora Flora of Peru (1936 - 1995, 27 vols. published, mostly outdated); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Pteridophyta of Peru, pt. 1-6 (Tryon & Stolze 1989-94) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Icones Orchidacearum Peruvianum (Bennett & Christenson 1995-2000, Vol. 1-8, ongoing series); Orchids of Peru, Vol. I-IV (Schweinfurth 1959-1961, in Fieldiana Bot.)
more species list checklist	Bolivia	BOL	1.098.581	+	15501	14628	2960
15501 All Species 14628 Indigenous Species 14628 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2960 Endemic Species 2960 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1200 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 141 endemic) 16 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 2 endemic) 568 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 129 endemic) 2242 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 371 endemic) 1388 Indigenous Orchids (of them 551 endemic) 9214 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1766 endemic) 873 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Bolivia (Jorgensen et al. 2014) Most recent flora Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Prodromus of a Fern Flora of Bolivia (Smith & Kessler 2016 ff., over 30 parts, complete) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 1 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2000); Orquideas de Bolivia, Vol. 2 (Vasquez & Ibisch 2003); Index Orchidacearum Bolivianum (Hashimoto 1993)
BRAZIL (84)
more species list checklist	Brazil	BRA	8.547.404	+	37026	36423	21479
37026 All Species 36423 Indigenous Species 36422 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 21479 Endemic Species 21479 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 58 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1427 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 512 endemic) 25 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 5 endemic) 1649 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 894 endemic) 6655 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 4207 endemic) 2767 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1779 endemic) 23900 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14082 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 603 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br) Most recent flora Many regional floras (all incomplete), especially: Flora d Bahia (ca. 85 families and groups published); Flora do Ceara (2013 ff., ca. 30 families and groups published); Flora do Sergipe (2 vols., 2013, 2015), Flora dos estados de Goiás e Tocantins (1981 ff., 51 families and groups published); Flora do Distrito Federal (2001 ff., 11 families published); Flora Ecologia de Restingas do Sudeste do Brazil (1965-1978, 22 families published); Flora do Rio de Janeiro (2017 ff., 24 families published); Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais (134 families published); Flora Fanerogamica da Ilha do Cardoso (1991 ff., 16 vols. published); Flora ilustrata do Rio Grande do Sul (1955-1992, 22 vols. published); Flora ilustrada Catarinense (Reitz, ed., 1967 ff., 184 parts published); Flora Neotropica Monograph (1968 ff., over 120 vols. published, ongoing); Especies Arboreas Brasileiras (Carvalho 2003-2014, 5 vols. published); Arvores Brasileiras (Lorenzi 2009, 3 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Flora Brasileira: Orquideas 1 (A-L), 2 (M-Z) (CD-ROM, Campacci 2000); Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil (floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br); Orchidaceae Brasilienses (Pabst & Dungs 1975-77); Icones Orchidacearum Brasilienses (Castro & Campacci, Vol. 1, 2001)
more species list checklist	Fernando Noronha Isl.	FNI	26	-	30	29	11
30 All Species 29 Indigenous Species 29 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 11 Endemic Species 11 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 36.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 25 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 10 endemic) 1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent flora Terrestrial vascular floras of Brazil's Oceanic Archipelagos (Alves 2006) [not seen and not included]
more species list checklist	Ilha da Trindade	ITR	11	o	15	15	12
15 All Species 15 Indigenous Species 15 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 12 Endemic Species 12 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 80 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 9 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 7 endemic) 2 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 2 endemic) 1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 2 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) Most recent flora Ilha da Trindade & Arquipelago Martin Vaz (Alves 1998)
TEMPERATE SOUTH AMERICA (85)
more species list checklist	Paraguay	PAR	406.752	+	5195	5031	454
5195 All Species 5031 Indigenous Species 5031 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 454 Endemic Species 454 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 257 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 4 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 109 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic) 904 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 50 endemic) 173 Indigenous Orchids (of them 19 endemic) 3587 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 370 endemic) 164 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay (Pena Chocarro & de Egea 2018) Most recent flora Flora de Paraguay (1983 ff., 52 vols. plus Key published, still incomplete)
more species list checklist	Uruguay	URU	176.215	+	2849	2518	141
2849 All Species 2518 Indigenous Species 2518 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 141 Endemic Species 141 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 4.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 112 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 2 endemic) 1 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 0 endemic) 27 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 684 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 40 endemic) 50 Indigenous Orchids (of them 8 endemic) 1644 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 90 endemic) 331 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008) Most recent flora Flora Montevidensis (Lombardo 1982-1984, 3 vols.); Flora del Uruguay (1958-1972, only 4 vols. published) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora de Uruguay, Vol. 1 Pteridophyta (Legrand & Lombardo 1958) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids Orchidaceae. - In: Flora del Uruguay (Herter 1949)
more species list checklist	Argentina	ARG	2.780.400	+	10136	9265	1965
10136 All Species 9265 Indigenous Species 9262 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1965 Endemic Species 1962 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 19.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 394 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 29 endemic) 18 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 1 endemic) 108 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 11 endemic) 1958 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 399 endemic) 279 Indigenous Orchids (of them 30 endemic) 6508 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1495 endemic) 3 Microspecies (of them 3 endemic) 871 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008); Catalogo de las plantas vasculares de la Republica Argentina (2 vols., Zuloaga et al. 1996) Most recent flora Flora de Argentina (Anton & Zuloaga, dir., 2012 ff., 14 vols. published, incomplete); Flora Fanerogamica Argentina (online, 87 parts published). Various regional floras, most important: Flora Patagonica (1971-1998, 7 parts in 8 vols.); Flora de Mendoza (2009 ff., 10 families published); Flora de San Juan (2003 ff., 4 vols. published); Flora Rioplatense (7 parts published); Flora del Valle de Lerma (176 families published); Biota Rioplatense (1997-2005, 11 parts published)
more species list checklist	Chile (excl. Juan Fdz. Isl.)	CLE	756.626	+	4924	4254	1908
4924 All Species 4254 Indigenous Species 4249 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1908 Endemic Species 1908 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 38.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 117 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 21 endemic) 15 Indigenous Gymnosperms (of them 3 endemic) 16 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 14 endemic) 821 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 295 endemic) 57 Indigenous Orchids (of them 30 endemic) 3228 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1545 endemic) 5 Microspecies (of them endemic) 670 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018); Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008) Most recent flora Flora de Chile (1995 ff., 5 vols. published, about 50 % complete); numerous regional floras and field guides
more species list checklist	Desventuradas Isl.	DSV	30	+(+)	53	35	16
53 All Species 35 Indigenous Species 35 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 16 Endemic Species 16 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 30.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 7 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 27 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 15 endemic) 18 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018) Most recent flora The flora of San Felix Island (Johnston 1931); Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands (Mueller-Dombois & Fosberg 1998)
more species list checklist	Juan Fernandez Isl.	JNF	181	+	468	249	126
468 All Species 249 Indigenous Species 248 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 126 Endemic Species 126 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 26.9 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 55 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 26 endemic) 6 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 5 endemic) 49 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 17 endemic) 1 Indigenous Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 138 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 77 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 219 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Chile (Rodriguez et al. 2018); Catalogue of the vascular flora of the Robinson Crusoe or Juan Fernandez Islands (Marticorena 1998); Nouveau catalogue de la flore fasculaire de l'archipel Juan Fernández (Danton 2013, with corrections and additions 2017) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Helechos de Juan Fernandez (Barrera Moscoso 1997)
ANTARCTIC (9)
SUBANTARCTIC ISLANDS (90)
more species list checklist	Macquarie Isl.	MAQ	123	++	55	48	4
55 All Species 48 Indigenous Species 48 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 4 Endemic Species 4 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.3 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 6 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 14 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 2 Indigenous Orchids (of them 2 endemic) 26 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 7 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Most recent flora Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist	Campbell Isl.	CMP	137	++	140	128	2
140 All Species 128 Indigenous Species 128 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 2 Endemic Species 2 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 1.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 23 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 39 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 5 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 61 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 2 endemic) 12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Most recent flora Flora of New Zealand (1961-2000, 5 vols.) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Flora of New Zealand: Ferns and Lycophytes (Brownsey & Perrie, 2014, 2015) - various volumes; New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants (Brownsey & Smith-Dodsworth 1989); A revised classification of New Zealand pteridophytes with a synonymic checklist of species (Brownsey, Given & Lovis 1985) Additional Reference Literature for Orchids The Nature Guide to New Zealands Native Orchids (St. George 1999)
more species list checklist	Heard & McDonald Isl.	HMD	372	+	13	12	1
13 All Species 12 Indigenous Species 12 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 7.7 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 4 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 8 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 1 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Most recent flora Flora of Australia 50 (Oceanic Islands 2) (1993)
more species list checklist	Marion & Prince Edward Isl.	MPE	335	+	37	25	3
37 All Species 25 Indigenous Species 25 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 3 Endemic Species 3 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 8.1 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) 7 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 1 endemic) 11 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 1 endemic) 12 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Most recent flora An update on the indigenous vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island (Chau et al. 2020) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Ile Amsterdam & St. Paul Isl.	ASP	67	+	20	20	1
20 All Species 20 Indigenous Species 20 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 20 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Most recent flora La flore de l’île Amsterdam, état des lieux des connaissances. - Saboureau, F. (2023), Carnets botaniques no. 137. 40 p. Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Iles Crozet	CRZ	300	+	7	7	0
7 All Species 7 Indigenous Species 7 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Iles Kerguélen	KEG	6.993	+	8	8	1
8 All Species 8 Indigenous Species 8 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 1 Endemic Species 1 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 12.5 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 8 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 1 endemic) Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighboring islands (Roux 2009)
more species list checklist	Falkland Isl.	FAL	12.173	+	261	170	14
261 All Species 170 Indigenous Species 170 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 14 Endemic Species 14 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 5.4 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 22 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 45 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 4 Indigenous Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 99 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic) 91 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Catalogo de las Plantas Vasculares del Cono Sur (Zuloaga et al. 2008) Most recent flora Flowering Plants of the Falkland Islands (Woods 2000); The vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Moore 1968); The non-native vascular flora of the Falkland Islands (Broughton & McAdam 2002); Field Guide to the Plants of the Falkland Islands (Heller et al. 2019) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes The current status and distribution of the Falkland islands pteridophyte flora (Broughton & MacAdam 2003)
more species list checklist	Tristan da Cunha (incl. Gough Island, Nightingale Isl., Inaccessible Island)	TDC	202	o	178	98	52
178 All Species 98 Indigenous Species 98 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 52 Endemic Species 52 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 29.2 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 39 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 16 endemic) 1 Indigenous Basal Angiosperms (of them 1 endemic) 34 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 21 endemic) 24 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 14 endemic) 80 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist Vegetation and Checklist of Inaccessible Island (Roux et al. 1992) Most recent flora The terrestrial botany of the Tristan da Cunha Islands (Wace & Dixon 1965); Vegetation and Checklist of Inaccessible Island (Roux et al. 1992) Additional Reference Literature for Ferns and Lycophytes Farne auf atlantischen Inseln (Benl & Benl 1988)
more species list checklist	South Georgia Isl.	SGE	3.756	++	78	24	0
78 All Species 24 Indigenous Species 23 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 7 Indigenous Ferns and Lycophytes (of them 0 endemic) 9 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 8 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) 1 Microspecies (of them endemic) 54 Neophytes or Culture Escapes Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975) Most recent flora The Vascular Flora of South Georgia (Greene 1964); Survey for baseline information on introduced vascular plants: South Georgia (Osborne et al. 2009)
more species list checklist	South Sandwich Isl.	SSA	310	++	2	2	0
2 All Species 2 Indigenous Species 2 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)
more species list checklist	South Orkney Isl.	SOI	622	++	2	2	0
2 All Species 2 Indigenous Species 2 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)
more species list checklist	South Shetland Isl.	SSI	4.700	++	2	2	0
2 All Species 2 Indigenous Species 2 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) Most recent checklist An Annotated Check List of the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic Vascular Flora (Greene & Walton 1975)
ANTARCTIC CONTINENT (91)
more species list checklist	Antarctic continent	ANT	13.200.000	+	2	2	0
2 All Species 2 Indigenous Species 2 Indigenous Species except Microspecies 0 Endemic Species 0 Endemic Species (excluding endemic Microspecies) 0 % Percentage of True Endemics (excluding Microspecies) 1 Indigenous Monocotyledons excl. Orchids (of them 0 endemic) 1 Indigenous Dicotyledons (of them 0 endemic) Most recent checklist Biota Australis Terrestris (Ashworth & Vestal, Internet database)

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